Antineoplastic drug‐loaded polymer‐modified magnetite nanoparticles: Comparative analysis of EPR‐mediated drug delivery

Abstract

This study aimed to design and evaluate enhanced permeation and retention (EPR)‐mediated anticancer effect of polymer‐modified and drug‐loaded magnetite nanocomposites. The preformulated bare (10 nm), chitosan‐superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO; 69 nm), heparin‐SPIO (42 nm), and (3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane‐polyethylene glycol‐SPIO (17 nm) nanocomposites were utilized to evaluate the EPR‐mediated localized cancer targeting and retention of doxorubicin (DOX) and paclitaxel (PTX) in human ovarian cancer cell lines, A2780 and OVCAR‐3 in vitro and in the tumor‐baring Balb/c mice in vivo. Fluorescence microscopy showed that DOX‐ and PTX‐loaded SPIO nanoparticles caused long‐term accumulation and cytoplasmic retention in A2780 and OVCAR‐3 cells, as compared to free drugs in vitro. In vivo antiproliferative effect of present formulations on immunodeficient female Balb/c mice showed a tremendous amount of ovarian tumor shrinkage within 6 weeks. The present nanocomposite systems of targeted drug delivery proved to be efficient drug carrier with sustained drug release and long‐term retention with enhanced cytotoxic properties in vitro and in vivo.

Iron Oxyhydroxide Nanorods Coated with Poly(acrylic acid) to Reprogram Tumor-Associated Macrophages for Antitumor Immunotherapy

“…Figures b and S17 indicate that DP FeOOH NRs were mainly distributed in the liver and lung. Compared with the DOX group, the mice treated with DP FeOOH NRs had higher DOX accumulation in tumor tissues due to the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect of drug delivery, which can conquer the poor potency of DOX to induce ICD. ,, After being intravenously injected with PBS, DOX, P FeOOH, and DP FeOOH NRs, the HMGB1 and calreticulin expression and the percentages of M1 and M2 macrophages within the suspension cells from the tumor tissues were analyzed after 3 days postinjection. The enhanced HMGB1 (Figure S18) and calreticulin (Figure S19) expression in the DP FeOOH NR group was achieved in vivo , presenting a similar result as shown in vitro .…”

A Dual‐Mode Imaging Nanoparticle Probe Targeting PD‐L1 for Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer

“…e study showed that both targeted and nontargeted nanoparticles could e ectively reduce the T2 * value at the tumor site, especially the targeted nanoparticles. e nanoparticles prepared by our group reached the tumor site via its enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) e ects [36,37]. e enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) e ect is an important phenomenon in solid tumors that is related to chaotic angiogenesis and wide vascular endothelial cell gap, which lead to tumor tissues showing considerable extravasation of nanomedicines [38].…”

Application of mPEG-CS-cRGD/ Bmi-1RNAi -PTX nanoparticles in suppression of laryngeal cancer by targeting cancer stem cells

“…CS modified with PEG has increased solubility in aqueous and organic solutions, with methoxy polyethylene glycol (mPEG) derivatives being the most widely used (D’souza & Shegokar, 2016 ). The PEG-modification of CS results in reduced efflux, enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) (Javid et al., 2020 ). So the drug has been modified with PEG to reduce efflux and enhance permeation and retention.…”