Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Equine Isolates of<i>Clostridium difficile</i>and Molecular Characterization of Metronidazole‐Resistant Strains.

Jang, Spencer S.; Hansen, Lori M.; Breher, J. E.; Riley, David; Magdesian, K. Gary; Madigan, John E.; Tang, Yajarayma J.; Silva, J Jr; Hirsh, Dwight C.

doi:10.1086/516235

Cited by 81 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…These results are similar to previous studies for several domestic animal species (BÅVERUD et al, 2003;MARKS & KATHER, 2003;POST & SONGER, 2004;FRY et al, 2012). Currently, metronidazoleresistant strains have only been isolated from horses in the USA (JANG et al, 1997;MAGDESIAN et al, 2006). Similar to observations in animals, metronidazole-resistant C. diffi cile strains are rarely isolated from humans (SHAH et al, 2010;SPIGAGLIA et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridium difficile isolated from animals and humans in Brazil

et al. 2014

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridium difficile isolated from animals and humans in Brazil

et al. 2014

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“…These results are similar to previous studies in various species (MARKS; KATHER, 2003;BÅVERUD et al, 2003;SPIGAGLIA;BARBANTI;MASTRANTONIO, 2011), and at present, metronidazole-resistant isolates have been found only in humans and horses (JANG et al, 1997;MAGDESIAN, et al 2006). Likewise, all C. difficile isolates were also susceptible to oxytetracycline and florfenicol.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

An outbreak of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in piglets in Brazil

et al. 2013

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In spite of the substantial role of Clostridium difficile in causing diarrhea in piglets, there have been few reports of the disease caused by this bacterium in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. In this paper, we describe an outbreak of C. difficile-associated diarrhea in a pig farm in Brazil. The diarrhea rate increased in piglets 1-to-7 days old from an average of 2% to approximately 20%. Necropsied piglets showed mesocolon edema, and in a histological evaluation, severe necrotizing neutrophilic colitis was observed. The intestinal contents were positive for the A/B toxins of C. difficile and negative for other tested enteropathogens. The association between the clinical signs, post mortem findings and laboratory exams confirmed the diagnosis of C. difficile-associated diarrhea. The present report confirms C. difficile as a pathogen in swine in Brazil and highlights the need for up to date routine laboratory protocols for the diagnosis of this disease in swine. Key words: Neonatal diarrhea, colitis, enteritis ResumoApesar da crescente importância de Clostridium difficile como causador de diarréia em leitões, são escassos os estudos e relatos da doença no Brasil. O objetivo do presente trabalho é descrever um surto de diarréia por C. difficile em uma granja localizada no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A frequência de diarréia em leitões com até 7 dias de vida aumentou de uma média de 2% para aproximadamente 20%. Leitões necropsiados apresentavam edema de mesocólon e, na avaliação histopatológica, uma colite neutrofílica necrotizante severa foi observada. O conteúdo intestinal foi positivo para as toxinas A e B e negativo para outros patógenos pesquisados. A associação dos sinais clínicos, achados post mortem e resultados dos exames laboratoriais permite confirmar o diagnóstico de diarréia por C. difficile. O presente relato confirma C. difficile como um patógeno de suínos no Brasil e destaca a necessidade de inclusão desse enteropatógeno no diagnóstico laboratorial para as diarréias em leitões.

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“…However, while contamination was not identified, it cannot be ruled out, nor can a clinically irrelevant in vitro effect. The presence of apparent metronidazole resistance in different strains is concerning but has been reported in isolates from horses (18,29). Further study is required to determine whether this is an in vitro or potentially relevant in vivo effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Clostridium difficile Strains Isolated from Patients in Ontario, Canada, from 2004 to 2006

et al. 2008

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Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Equine Isolates ofClostridium difficileand Molecular Characterization of Metronidazole‐Resistant Strains.

Cited by 81 publications

References 5 publications

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridium difficile isolated from animals and humans in Brazil

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridium difficile isolated from animals and humans in Brazil

An outbreak of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in piglets in Brazil

Characterization of Clostridium difficile Strains Isolated from Patients in Ontario, Canada, from 2004 to 2006

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