Antimicrobial screening of polyherbal formulations traditionally used against gastrointestinal diseases

Abstract

Emerging antibiotic resistance has become a cosmopolitan problem and evoking researchers to search for new antimicrobials from natural constituents. The present study was intended to test the antimicrobial potential of traditionally used unexplored polyherbal recipes for curing digestive ailments. A total of 25 plants species were combined in different ratios to form 14 polyherbal recipes. After collecting and grinding plant parts, methanolic extracts of 14 polyherbal recipes were prepared by the cold maceration process. Antibacterial and antifungal activity of the polyherbal extracts was checked by agar well diffusion method at a concentration of 50 mg/ ml while minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by serial dilution method. Polyherbal recipes B and D showed significant inhibition zone each against Vibrio cholerae (25.63 ; p < 0.001 ). Recipe G (23.33; p < 0.001 ) showed better efficacy against Escherichia coli . Recipe E and G significantly inhibited Proteus species (28.33; 24.33; p < 0.001 ). Recipe B was highly effective against Salmonella typhi. Recipe C, A and F had significant antifungal affect and inhibited Aspergillus nigar (28.67; p < 0.05 ), Aspergillus fumigatus (27; p < 0.01 ) Trichoderma (30; p < 0.001 ), Rhizopus (19.67; p < 0.01 ), and Fusarium graminearum (28.67 ;p < 0.001 ). Polyherbal formulations A, B, D, K, and N were active with the lowest concentration. MIC ranges within 3.12–25 mg/ml while minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) between 12.5 and 50 mg/ml. Polyherbal recipes’ A, B, D, G, K and N have enhanced antimicrobial potential with better efficacy than tested antibiotics and should be evaluated for further scientific validation.

In Vivo Efficacy, Toxicity Assessment, and Elemental Analysis of Traditionally Used Polyherbal Recipe for Diarrhea

“…e studied polyherbal formulation has an inhibitory e ect on common bacterial pathogens [15]. Extraction of the polyherbal formulation through 80% methanol may have a potent antimicrobial e ect due to the presence of biologically active ingredients, as hydromethanol has the ability to dissolve both polarities.…”

“…Oral and written consent was taken from participants who used this polyherbal mixture, locally named “ Podeena Qehwa ,” for digestive problems, including diarrhea. Moreover, the selected polyherbal recipe significantly inhibited the growth of bacterial pathogens [ 15 ]. Plant species comprising this mixture were identified at the Department of Botany, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, and submitted to the herbarium.…”

“…is polyherbal mixture has a good inhibition zone against diarrhea, causing bacterial and fungal pathogens [15]. ere is no study reported previously for its validation on a scientific basis, so this study was planned to investigate the curative and preventive effect of the traditionally used polyherbal combination against castor oil-induced diarrhea in an animal model and to test the toxic and effective dose through in vivo subacute toxicity.…”

“…(leaves), and Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton (fruit), with a ratio of 10 : 5 : 2) was used traditionally and considered very effective in treating diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting by people of the southern regions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa [ 14 ]. This polyherbal mixture has a good inhibition zone against diarrhea, causing bacterial and fungal pathogens [ 15 ]. There is no study reported previously for its validation on a scientific basis, so this study was planned to investigate the curative and preventive effect of the traditionally used polyherbal combination against castor oil-induced diarrhea in an animal model and to test the toxic and effective dose through in vivo subacute toxicity.…”

A comprehensive review on the diverse pharmacological perspectives of Terminalia chebula Retz

“…Antibacterial activity was found in T. chebula against both gram-positive and gram-negative human pathogenic microorganisms [ 36 ]. Leaf extract is bactericidal against Escherichia coli, Shigella sp, Vibrio cholerae and Salmonella sp [ 151 ] . It also has inhibitory activity on-ear pathogens [ 152 ].…”