Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Aerobic Organisms in Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Hamadan, Iran

Farahani, Farhad; Mashouf, R Yousefi; Hashemian, Farnaz; Esmaeili, R

doi:10.17795/ajcmi-18961

Cited by 40 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Sixty out of one hundred (60/100) patients came from urban area (60%) and forty, out of one hundred patients (40/100) came from rural area (40%), showing urban to rural ratio of 1.5:1. This is in agreement with the study conducted by Farhani, et al who also stated urban to rural ratio as 1.34:1 [18]. gentamicin (30.18%), co-trimoxazole (15.09%), methicillin (13.2%), chloramphenicol (11.32%).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which was the second most common isolate in our study was most sensitive to ciprofloxacin (66.7%), followed by cefixime (33.3%), erythromycin (25%), polymixin (16.7%) and amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (8.3%). It is comparable to the study done by Farahani, et al who reported maximum sensitivity of ciprofloxacin (76.7%) and chloramphenicol (41.7%) [18].…”

Section: Sensitivity Patternsupporting

confidence: 89%

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Untitled

2020

J Otolaryngol Rhinol

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Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis is defined as the inflammation of mucosa of nose and paranasal sinus for at least 12 consecutive weeks of duration. Being one of the most common health problems worldwide, its pathogenesis is not well defined and there may be multiple aetiologic factors. Bacteria, fungi or viruses may be involved in some cases but there may be cases with no identifiable pathogenic organisms. As there is emerging drug resistance management of patients is also getting troublesome. Objectives: To find out the bacteria and fungi responsible for chronic rhinosinusitis and the antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates. Conclusion: Common organism causing chronic rhinosinusitis is Staphylococcus aureus followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and most sensitive antibiotics were cefixime and ciprofloxacin. Commonly used antibiotics like amoxicillin-clavulonic acid is losing effectiveness due to the emerging drug resistant bacterial strains.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Sensitivity Patternsupporting

confidence: 89%

Untitled

2020

J Otolaryngol Rhinol

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“…32 In the present study among Gram-positive isolates, the sensitivity rates were 100% for vancomycin, which is in agreement with Hasehmi et al 33 In the present study, ceftriaxone was found to have 81.9% sensitivity against Gram-negative isolates. Farahani et al 34 also showed ceftriaxone to be highly sensitive ranging from 71.4% (for Acinetobacter baumannii) to 100% (for S. pneumoniae, Corynebacterium diphtheria, and Haemophilus influenza).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A Comparative Study of Microbiology of Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Smokers and Nonsmokers

Bhargava¹,

Chandra²,

Jassal³

et al. 2017

An International Journal Clinical Rhinology

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Aim: Comparative study of microbiology of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in smokers and nonsmokers. Materials and methods:This study was carried out on 700 patients diagnosed with CRS attending the ear, nose, and throat outpatient department (OPD) at Era's Lucknow Medical College, Lucknow, India, between January 2015 and June 2016. These patients were divided into two groups (smokers and nonsmokers). All patients underwent diagnostic nasal endoscopy. Two samples were collected and antimicrobial sensitivity test was done. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. Chi-squared test and independent samples t-test were used to compare the data. A p-value <0.05 indicated a statistically significant association. Results:Of 700 patients included in the study, smokers constituted 333 (47.57%) patients and nonsmokers constituted 367 (52.43%) patients. Out of the 700 patients, bacterial isolates of 585 (83.57%) were found to be positive, of which aerobes were 485 (82.91%) and the rest 100 were anaerobes. After antimicrobial therapy, all the symptoms were higher in smokers as compared with nonsmokers. Proportion of improvement in nonsmokers (90.19%) was higher as compared with smokers. Conclusion:Microbiology of CRS is highly influenced by smoking habit. On evaluating the treatment response in terms of repeat sampling after 3 months, we found that pathogen positivity rate was much higher in smokers as compared with nonsmokers, thus implying that smoking exposure in vivo does alter the efficacy of antibiotics.

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“…Since the most important reason of bacterial resistance is the misuse of these agents, the strategy should address the rational prescription of antibiotics. Planning nationwide antibiotic restriction programs can efficiently decrease the antibioticresistance rate [44].…”

Section: Antimicrobial Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…When first-line agents fail or there is a high prevalence of β-lactamase resistance, second or third-generation cephalosporins as well as quinolones supply broader coverage [46]. Nevertheless, because of the wide distribution of bacterial resistance to these agents, limiting the inappropriate use of these antibiotics has been strongly considered [44].…”

Section: Antimicrobial Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%