Antimicrobial Properties of Lepidium sativum L. Facilitated Silver Nanoparticles

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance toward commonly used medicinal drugs is a dangerously growing threat to our existence. Plants are naturally equipped with a spectrum of biomolecules and metabolites with important biological activities. These natural compounds constitute a treasure in the fight against multidrug-resistant microorganisms. The development of plant-based antimicrobials through green synthesis may deliver alternatives to common drugs. Lepidium sativum L. (LS) is widely available throughout the world as a fast-growing herb known as garden cress. LS seed oil is interesting due to its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Nanotechnology offers a plethora of applications in the health sector. Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) are used due to their antimicrobial properties. We combined LS and AgNP to prevent microbial resistance through plant-based synergistic mechanisms within the nanomaterial. AgNP were prepared by a facile one-pot synthesis through plant-biomolecules-induced reduction of silver nitrate via a green method. The phytochemicals in the aqueous LS extract act as reducing, capping, and stabilizing agents of AgNP. The composition of the LS-AgNP biohybrids was confirmed by analytical methods. Antimicrobial testing against 10 reference strains of pathogens exhibited excellent to intermediate antimicrobial activity. The bio-nanohybrid LS-AgNP has potential uses as a broad-spectrum microbicide, disinfectant, and wound care product.

Nutraceutical Profiling, Bioactive Composition, and Biological Applications of Lepidium sativum L.

“…Bloukh et al (2021) evaluate the antimicrobial potential of Lepidium sativum silver nanoparticles against a series of microbes by using agar well and disk diffusion assays. Pure extract and Lepidium sativum silver nanoparticle formulations displayed a significant antimicrobial activity (very good to intermediate) against 10 microbial strains ( S. pneumoniae, S. aureus, S. pyogenes, E. faecalis, B. subtilis, P. mirabilis, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, C. albicans ) at the concentrations of 1.08 μ g/mL, 0.54 μ g/mL, and 0.27 μ g/mL [ 147 ].…”

Antimicrobial Biomaterial on Sutures, Bandages and Face Masks with Potential for Infection Control

“…PVP is a stabilizing matrix and acts as a reservoir for I 2 molecules in the form of PVPI in medical applications [ 12 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. We previously investigated the inhibitory actions of different formulations with silver nanoparticles, plant bio-compounds, PVP and iodine against selections of microorganisms [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]. Our formulations showed excellent to intermediate antimicrobial activities on discs and biodegradable polyglycolic acid (PGA) sutures.…”

“…Such bioactive secondary plant metabolites are the reason for the use of medicinal plants, herbs and spices throughout centuries [ 46 , 47 ]. Phenolic acids, polyphenols, flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids and other compounds are used as antimicrobial agents in an increasing number of investigations [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ]. Sutures, bandages and wound dressings incorporating phytochemicals are promising alternatives to conventional treatment options due to targeted, on-site drug delivery [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ].…”

“…TCA is a widely available bioactive phytochemical in plants with antimicrobial properties. Combining phytochemicals with iodine and PVP can potentiate the antimicrobial activities [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 88 ]. Consequently, the staining effect of iodine can be mitigated by reducing the iodine content without losing its inhibitory action.…”

Surface Characteristics and Microbiological Analysis of a Vat-Photopolymerization Additive-Manufacturing Dental Resin

“…With respect to biocompatibility and activity against potential pathogens, photopolymers have been evaluated [24][25][26] regarding the antibacterial capacity of natural polymers [27] and the addition of antimicrobial agents or drugs in the synthetic polymer matrix [28][29][30]. Bloukh et al [31] emphasized that the microbial-resistance phenomenon is a serious matter that threatens humanity's existence, mainly due to the indiscriminate use of antibiotic drugs. In dentistry, the development of alternative antimicrobial properties of surgical sutures [32], dental implants [33,34], restorative and denture materials [35,36] are relevant contributors to the mitigation or cessation of the use of antibiotics [37] in clinical practice.…”