Antimicrobial Effects of Ozone Gel Against Periodontal Bacteria

Abstract

The bactericidal potency of ozone was examined for exploring the potential of dental application of ozone gel. Treatment with10 ppm ozone gel with quenching after 3 h and treatment with 100-ppm ozone gel with immediate quenching showed antimicrobial effects in eight aerobic strains, namely, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Candidaalbicans, Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), S. epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Streptococcus mutans. For five of these strains (E. coli, P. aeruginosa, C. albicans, K. pneumoniae, and S. mutans), the number of colony forming units (CFUs) were below the detection limit after treatment with 10 ppm ozone gel with quenching after 3 h. For Bacillus subtilis, an antimicrobial effect was observed after 3 h of treatment with 100 ppm of ozone gel. In the case of anaerobic bacteria, bactericidal effect was observed for five strains, namely, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Eikenella corrodens, by using ozone gel and ozone cream. Of these, the number of CFUs for three strains (P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, and F. nucleatum) was below the detection limit. These results suggest that the ozone gel can be clinically useful in oral surgery for implant treatment because of its instantaneous antimicrobial effects, and that it can be used against a variety of bacterial strains.

The Study of Ozone Ointment on Human Gingival Fibroblasts Cell Proliferation Ability and Anti-Inflammatory

“…The advantages of ozone ointment include a 6-month-long sterilization eff ect, the lack of an unpleasant smell, and no development of bacterial strains manifesting ozone-resistance 12) . In the course of our studies, we have reported the safety evaluation of ozone for the skin and eye 9) , as well as its antimicrobial eff ects 10) and hemostasis 11) using ozone gel. In addition, a number of reports have shown that ozone could cause improvements in periodontal diseases [27][28][29] .…”

“…Recently, we are studying for the development of periodontal disease treatment using ozone [9][10][11][12] . Ozone is currently being considered in dentistry as a possible alternative oral antiseptic agent.…”

RANKL Induces IL-18 Binding Protein Expression in RAW264.7 Cells

“…In the present study, we confirmed IL-18BP in the culture supernatants, and the expression levels of IL-18BP were markedly higher in the supernatants derived from RANKL-treated RAW264.7 cells than in untreated control cells. Foster et al 19) reported that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Porphyromonas gingivalis, a Gramnegative bacterial species involved in alveolar bone resorption in chronic adult periodontitis 26,27) , induced both IL-18 and IL-18BP secretion in THP-1 human monocytes. They also reported that when THP-1 cells were cultured with LPS and an anti-IL-18BP antibody, the antibody increased the concentration of unbound IL-18 in the supernatants; thus, IL-18BP in the culture supernatant can directly bind to IL-18, and the anti-IL-18BP antibody disrupted the binding of IL-18 and IL-18BP.…”

The Effect of Ozone Gel on Bone Matrix Production by Human Osteosarcoma Cell Line Saos-2

“…The advantages of ozone gel include a 6-month-long sterilization eff ect, the lack of an unpleasant smell, and no development of bacterial strains manifesting ozone-resistance. Previously, we reported the safety evaluation of ozone for the skin and eye, as well as its antimicrobial eff ects and role in hemostasis using ozone gel [10][11][12] . In addition, a number of reports have shown that ozone can ameliorate periodontal diseases [13][14][15] .…”