Antimicrobial Activity of Brassica rapa L. Flowers Extract on Gastrointestinal Tract Infections and Antiulcer Potential Against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats Supported by Metabolomics Profiling

Alotaibi, Badriyah; Mokhtar, Fatma Alzahraa; El‐Masry, Thanaa A.; Elekhnawy, Engy; Mostafa, Sally Abdallah; Abdelkader, Dalia H.; Elharty, Mohamed E; Saleh, Asmaa; Negm, Walaa A.

doi:10.2147/jir.s345780

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…The antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory of EVME were consistent with prior research on the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties of certain flavonoids or flavonoid glycosides, such as apigenin, kaempferol, and luteolin derivatives [ 14 , 44 , 45 ], as well as naringenin [ 37 ], daidzein [ 46 ], biflavonoid derivatives [ 19 , 37 , 47 , 48 ], and coumarin derivatives [ 49 , 50 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–ESI–MS/MS) analysis was carried out at the Children’s Cancer Hospital’s Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit (57357). Adopting the criteria previously described [ 13 , 14 ]. Secondary metabolites of the EVME were analyzed using an ExionLC-High flow L.C., Sciex ® , Framingham, MA, USA, Ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) analytical technique, combined with a Triple time-of-flight (TOF) 5600+(Sciex ® ) for IDA acquisition and Analyst TF 1.7.1 (Sciex ® ) for LC–Triple TOF control.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tissue was dehydrated, embedded in paraffin wax, sectioned (3 μm), and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) [ 20 ] and Masson’s trichrome stains. Finally, photos were captured using a digital camera [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Encephalartos villosus Lem. Displays a Strong In Vivo and In Vitro Antifungal Potential against Candida glabrata Clinical Isolates

Alqahtani

Elekhnawy

Negm

et al. 2022

JoF

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Recently, Candida glabrata has been recognized as one of the most common fungal species that is highly associated with invasive candidiasis. Its spread could be attributed to its increasing resistance to antifungal drugs. Thus, there is a high need for safer and more efficient therapeutic alternatives such as plant extracts. Here, we investigated the antifungal potential of Encephalartos villosus leaves methanol extract (EVME) against C. glabrata clinical isolates. Tentative phytochemical identification of 51 metabolites was conducted in EVME using LC–MS/MS. EVME demonstrated antifungal activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations that ranged from 32 to 256 µg/mL. The mechanism of the antifungal action was studied by investigating the impact of EVME on nucleotide leakage. Additionally, a sorbitol bioassay was performed, and we found that EVME affected the fungal cell wall. In addition, the effect of EVME was elucidated on the efflux activity of C. glabrata isolates using acridine orange assay and quantitative real-time PCR. EVME resulted in downregulation of the expression of the efflux pump genes CDR1, CDR2, and ERG11 in the tested isolates with percentages of 33.33%, 41.67%, and 33.33%, respectively. Moreover, we investigated the in vivo antifungal activity of EVME using a murine model with systemic infection. The fungal burden was determined in the kidney tissues. Histological and immunohistochemical studies were carried out to investigate the effect of EVME. We noticed that EVME reduced the congestion of the glomeruli and tubules of the kidney tissues of the rats infected with C. glabrata. Furthermore, it decreased both the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha and the abnormal collagen fibers. Our results reveal, for the first time, the potential in vitro (by inhibition of the efflux activity) and in vivo (by decreasing the congestion and inflammation of the kidney tissues) antifungal activity of EVME against C. glabrata isolates.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Encephalartos villosus Lem. Displays a Strong In Vivo and In Vitro Antifungal Potential against Candida glabrata Clinical Isolates

Alqahtani

Elekhnawy

Negm

et al. 2022

JoF

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“…The ReSpect Database used possessed 1573 and 2737 records for negative mode, respectively. Metabolite's annotation was conducted with the ReSpect Database and fragmentation pattern and retention times mentioned in previous reports for metabolites isolated from the investigated plant or others [7,22].…”

Section: Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidation of the Metabolite Profile of Yucca gigantea and Assessment of Its Cytotoxic, Antimicrobial, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities

et al. 2022

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The acute inflammation process is explained by numerous hypotheses, including oxidative stress, enzyme stimulation, and the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The anti-inflammatory activity of Yucca gigantea methanol extract (YGME) against carrageenan-induced acute inflammation and possible underlying mechanisms was investigated. The phytochemical profile, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial activities were also explored. LC-MS/MS was utilized to investigate the chemical composition of YGME, and 29 compounds were tentatively identified. In addition, the isolation of luteolin-7-O-β-d-glucoside, apigenin -7-O-β-d-glucoside, and kaempferol-3-O-α-l-rhamnoside was performed for the first time from the studied plant. Inflammation was induced by subcutaneous injection of 100 μL of 1% carrageenan sodium. Rats were treated orally with YGME 100, 200 mg/kg, celecoxib (50 mg/kg), and saline, respectively, one hour before carrageenan injection. The average volume of paws edema and weight were measured at several time intervals. Levels of NO, GSH, TNF-α, PGE-2, serum IL-1β, IL-6 were measured. In additionally, COX-2 immunostaining and histopathological examination of paw tissue were performed. YGME displayed a potent anti-inflammatory influence by reducing paws edema, PGE-2, TNF-α, NO production, serum IL-6, IL-1β, and COX-2 immunostaining. Furthermore, it replenished the diminished paw GSH contents and improved the histopathological findings. The best cytotoxic effect of YGME was against human melanoma cell line (A365) and osteosarcoma cell line (MG-63). Moreover, the antimicrobial potential of the extract was evaluated against bacterial and fungal isolates. It showed potent activity against Gram-negative, Gram-positive, and fungal Candida albicans isolates. The promoting multiple effects of YGME could be beneficial in the treatment of different ailments based on its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic effects.

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“…We examined outer and inner membrane permeability in the investigated isolates as described [ 61 ]. NPN was used to assess the outer membrane permeability.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic Insights on the In Vitro Antibacterial Activity and In Vivo Hepatoprotective Effects of Salvinia auriculata Aubl against Methotrexate-Induced Liver Injury

Attallah

Mokhtar²,

Elekhnawy

et al. 2022

Pharmaceuticals

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Methotrexate (MTX) is widely used in the treatment of numerous malignancies; however, its use is associated with marked hepatotoxicity. Herein, we assessed the possible hepatoprotective effects of Salvinia auriculata methanol extract (SAME) against MTX-induced hepatotoxicity and elucidated the possible fundamental mechanisms that mediated such protective effects for the first time. Forty mice were randomly allocated into five groups (eight/group). Control saline, MTX, and MTX groups were pre-treated with SAME 10, 20, and 30 mg/kg. The results revealed that MTX caused a considerable increase in blood transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase levels, oxidative stress, significant activation of the Nod-like receptor-3 (NLPR3)/caspase-1 inflammasome axis, and its downstream inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18). MTX also down-regulated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression. Additionally, it increased the immunostaining of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and downstream inflammatory mediators. Furthermore, the hepatic cellular apoptosis was dramatically up-regulated in the MTX group. On the contrary, prior treatment with SAME significantly improved biochemical, histopathological, immunohistochemical alterations caused by MTX in a dose-dependent manner. The antibacterial activity of SAME has also been investigated against Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates. LC-ESI-MS/MS contributed to the authentication of the studied plant and identified 24 active constituents that can be accountable for the SAME-exhibited effects. Thus, our findings reveal new evidence of the hepatoprotective and antibacterial properties of SAME that need further future investigation.

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Antimicrobial Activity of Brassica rapa L. Flowers Extract on Gastrointestinal Tract Infections and Antiulcer Potential Against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats Supported by Metabolomics Profiling

Cited by 27 publications

References 91 publications

Encephalartos villosus Lem. Displays a Strong In Vivo and In Vitro Antifungal Potential against Candida glabrata Clinical Isolates

Encephalartos villosus Lem. Displays a Strong In Vivo and In Vitro Antifungal Potential against Candida glabrata Clinical Isolates

Elucidation of the Metabolite Profile of Yucca gigantea and Assessment of Its Cytotoxic, Antimicrobial, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities

Mechanistic Insights on the In Vitro Antibacterial Activity and In Vivo Hepatoprotective Effects of Salvinia auriculata Aubl against Methotrexate-Induced Liver Injury

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