Antimicrobial activities of red wine-based formulations containing plant extracts against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar Hadar

Addition of phytochemical-rich plant extracts mitigate the antimicrobial activity of essential oil/wine mixtures against Escherichia coli O157:H7 but not against Salmonella enterica

“…In previous studies we reported our findings on the antibacterial activities, measured using the BA50 assay of a number of formulations containing combinations of foodcompatible compounds in wines (Friedman, et al, 2006(Friedman, et al, , 2007, essential oils and their bioactive compounds (Friedman, et al, 2006(Friedman, et al, , 2007, and high-phenolic plant extracts of apple, tea, and olive (Friedman, et al, 2013;Friedman, et al, 2015). Mixtures of wine and EO were highly effective in the BA50 test.…”

“…In previous studies we described the antimicrobial activities of a series of wine recipes containing natural food-compatible antimicrobials, and suggested that some of the 4 formulations might be suitable as antimicrobial wine marinades (Friedman, Henika, & Levin, 2015;Friedman, Henika, Levin, & Mandrell, 2006. The reported antimicrobial effect of wines may be due to its content of organic acids, alcohol, phenolic compounds, or sulfites, as well as its low pH (Waite & Daeschel, 2007).…”

“…The commercial apple skin extract powder (Apple Poly ® ; 82% polyphenols) was obtained from Apple Poly LLC, Morrill NE. Green tea extract, freeze-dried steeped green tea, was prepared as described previously (Friedman, et al, 2015). The red wine used in these studies was Beringer (St. Helena, CA) Pinot noir, vintage 2012 (13.9%…”

Antibacterial polymer composites based on low‐density polyethylene and essential oils immobilized on various solid carriers

“…The primary natural compounds used to modify LDPE include essential oils (EOs) derived from plants (e.g., basil, thyme, oregano, cinnamon, clove), enzymes obtained from animal sources (lysozyme), and bacteriocines from microbial sources (nisin, lacticin) . The active components of EO [e.g., linalool (LIN), methyl chavicol, thymol, and carvacrol] display a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activities exceeding many microorganisms; examples of the former include Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacteria, forms of yeast, and mold …”

“…8,9 The primary natural compounds used to modify LDPE include essential oils (EOs) derived from plants (e.g., basil, thyme, oregano, cinnamon, clove), enzymes obtained from animal sources (lysozyme), and bacteriocines from microbial sources (nisin, lacticin). 10,11 The active components of EO [e.g., linalool (LIN), methyl chavicol, thymol, and carvacrol] display a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activities exceeding many microorganisms; examples of the former include Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, [12][13][14][15] forms of yeast, 11,16 and mold. 17,18 It has been already reported that the natural antibacterial components of basil [basil EOs primarily contain LIN and 4allylanisole (ALY) as the active volatile components responsible for their antibacterial activity] can be incorporated into LDPEbased polymers and retain their inhibitory effect against microbial growth (Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria innocua, Escherichia coli, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on culture media and on the surface of cheddar cheese.…”