Antigen epitope screening of grass carp reovirus and its protectively immunity assessment for grass carp

Qiu, De-Kui; Zhao, Zhao; Ma, Rui; Guo, Zi‐Rao; Jia, Yijun; Zhang, Chen; Wang, Gao‐Xue; Zhu, Bin

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.734550

Cited by 27 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Additionally, the report indicates that the GCRV distributes in different tissues and organs of grass carp, particularly in the hepatopancreas, head kidney, dorsal muscle and spleen, especially it has the highest numbers of viral RNA copies in the head kidney after GCRV infection (Liang et al, ). Despite its great progress in vaccine control (Qiu et al, ), the frequent mutation of this RNA virus makes it more difficult to control than other types of pathogenic factors (Rao & Su, ; Zhu et al, ). At present, there is a shortage of effective anti‐GCRV agents and systematic research on pharmacology in vitro and in vivo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo antiviral efficacy of moroxydine hydrochloride against grass carp reovirus and the drug safety assessment

Hao

Ling

et al. 2020

Aquac Res

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Our previous studies have verified that moroxydine hydrochloride (Mor) could inhibit replication of grass carp reovirus (GCRV) and suppress apoptosis of Ctenopharyngodon idella kidney cells, but be lack of information whether exists on antiviral activity in vivo. The paper was undertaken to explore the antiviral response of Mor against GCRV in grass carp and investigate the safety of drug for aquatic organisms. The results showed that injection treatment of Mor could more effectively inhibit GCRV replication than immersion administration. All the RNA systheses of vp3 and vp6 on day 7 in head kidney, gill, hepatopancreas and dorsal muscle in the Mor injection group were lesser than 0.07‐fold than that of in control group. And the GCRV‐inducing grass carp mortality was effectively controlled within 7 days post Mor injection therapy. Additionally, the reduction of superoxide dismutase activity, total antioxidant capacity and catalase activity in serum was effectively controlled by Mor. Moreover, drug safety assessment results showed that 500 mg/L of Mor was safe to C. idella, Bacillus subtilis, Chlorella vulgaris and Tetrahymena thermophila, which was far higher than the therapeutic concentration. The present study proved Mor as harmless formulations or products had potential value in the control of GCRV in aquaculture, with the advantage of super in vivo antiviral activity and environmental safety.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo antiviral efficacy of moroxydine hydrochloride against grass carp reovirus and the drug safety assessment

Hao

Ling

et al. 2020

Aquac Res

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“…Therefore, there is urgent to design and develop a wide range of effective vaccines to prophylactic SVCV. Recombinant subunit vaccines have attracted widespread attention on account of its high safety, adequate stability and reproducibility (Qiu et al, 2020;Robinson et al, 2018). SVCV genome comprises 5 open reading frames (ORFs) encoding 5 structural proteins, namely nucleoprotein (N), phosphoprotein (P), matrix protein (M), glycoprotein (G) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (L), where G protein is the main antigenic protein of SVCV and is the most used antigen in vaccine development (Ashraf et al, 2016;Hill et al, 1975;Hoffmann et al, 2005;Teng et al, 2007;Zhang & Gui, 2015).…”

Section: Svcv Has Aroused Widespread Interest Among Researchers Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of immunization procedure for SWCNTs‐based subunit vaccine with mannose modification against spring viraemia of carp virus in common carp

Gong

Zhang

et al. 2021

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Immersion vaccination of single-walled carbon nanotubes loaded with mannosemodified glycoprotein (SWCNTs-MG) vaccine has been proved to be effective in preventing spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV). Immunization procedure has immense consequence on the immune effect of the immersion vaccine. However, immunization procedure optimization for SWCNTs-MG vaccine against SVCV has not been reported. In this study, accordingly, a full-factor experiment was designed to optimize the immunization procedure of SWCNTs-MG vaccine by three aspects of vaccine dose (30 mg/L, 40 mg/L and 50 mg/L), immunization density (8 fish L −1 , 24 fish L −1 and 48 fish L −1 ) and immunization time (6, 12 and 24 hr). Furthermore, we used the immunization group (A1B2C1, 30 mg/L, 24 fish L −1 and 6 hr) in the previous study as a positive control (PC) to evaluate the immunization effect optimized conditions from the expression of immune-related genes and relative percentage survival (RPS). At 28 days post-vaccination (DPV), common carps were intraperitoneal injected SVCV challenged test indicated that the A1B2C2 group (30 mg/L, 24 fish L −1 , 12 hr) displayed superiority of protective efficacy compare with other groups and the RPS with 77.9%, which was 15.6% higher than the PC group of RPS with 62.3%.Moreover, the expression of immune-related genes such as IL-10, CD4 and MHC-II was also significantly higher than PC group. The specific experimental flow chart is shown in Figure 1. Conclusively, these results demonstrated that vaccine dose, immunization density and immunization time are 30 mg/L, 24 fish L −1 and 12 hr, which is the more appropriate immunization programme with juvenile carp for SWCNTs-MG vaccine. This study provides a profitable reference for improving the immune efficiency of aquatic immersion vaccine.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Screening for antigens is an effective method to improve immunogenicity ( 24 , 25 ). Most of the available studies have shown that antigen epitope screening can significantly improve the immune effect of virus suppression ( 24 – 26 ). VP56 is a protein encoded by the S7 fragment of GCRV-II with a structure similar to the outer fibrillar protrusion protein of adenovirus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Oral Microencapsulated Vaccine Loaded by Sodium Alginate Effectively Enhances Protection Against GCRV Infection in Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Qiao

Huo

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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Grass carp reovirus (GCRV) is highly infectious and lethal to grass carp, causing huge economic losses to the aquaculture industry annually. Currently, vaccination is the most effective method against viral infections. Among the various vaccination methods, the oral vaccination is an ideal way in aquaculture. However, low protective efficiency is the major problem for oral vaccination owing to some reasons, such as antigen degradation and low immunogenicity. In our study, we screened the antigenic epitopes of GCRV-II and prepared an oral microencapsulated vaccine using sodium alginate (SA) as a carrier and flagellin B (FlaB) as an adjuvant, and evaluated its protective effects against GCRV-II infection in grass carp. The full length and three potential antigenic epitope regions of GCRV-II VP56 gene were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by glutathione affinity column respectively. The optimal antigen (VP56-3) was screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Adjuvant FlaB was also expressed in E. coli and purified by Ni2+ affinity column. Subsequently, we prepared the oral vaccines using sodium alginate as a carrier. The vaccine (SA-VP56-3/FlaB) forms microsphere (1.24 ± 0.22 μm), examined by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering assay. SA-VP56-3/FlaB vaccine has excellent stability, slow-release, and low toxicity by dynamic light scattering assay, release dynamic assay, in vivo fluorescence imaging system, hemolytic activity and cytotoxicity. Then we vaccinated grass carp orally with SA-VP56-3/FlaB and measured immune-related parameters (serum neutralizing antibody titer, serum enzyme activity (TSOD, LZM, C3), immune-related genes ((IgM, IFN1, MHC-II, CD8 in head kidney and spleen), IgZ in hindgut)). The results showed that SA-VP56-3/FlaB significantly induced strong immune responses, compared to other groups. The highest survival rate achieved in SA-VP56-3/FlaB microencapsulated vaccine (56%) in 2 weeks post GCRV challenge, while 10% for the control group. Meanwhile, the tissue virus load in survival grass carp is lowest in SA-VP56-3/FlaB group. These results indicated that SA-VP56-3/FlaB could be a candidate oral vaccine against GCRV-II infection in aquaculture.

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Antigen epitope screening of grass carp reovirus and its protectively immunity assessment for grass carp

Cited by 27 publications

References 38 publications

In vivo antiviral efficacy of moroxydine hydrochloride against grass carp reovirus and the drug safety assessment

In vivo antiviral efficacy of moroxydine hydrochloride against grass carp reovirus and the drug safety assessment

Optimization of immunization procedure for SWCNTs‐based subunit vaccine with mannose modification against spring viraemia of carp virus in common carp

An Oral Microencapsulated Vaccine Loaded by Sodium Alginate Effectively Enhances Protection Against GCRV Infection in Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

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