Antidiabetic Potential of Polysaccharides from the White Oyster Culinary-Medicinal Mushroom Pleurotus florida (Higher Basidiomycetes)

Abstract

This study was designed to examine the antihyperglycemic potential of the polysaccharide fraction of Pleurotus florida. Hyperglycemia was induced by streptozotocin (50 mg/kg intraperitoneal). Single- and multiple-dose studies were performed to assess the antihyperglycemic potential of the P. florida polysaccharides (PFPs). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development guideline 423 was followed to study the acute toxicity of PFP. PFP was found to be nontoxic up to 4000 mg/kg. In this investigation, 200- and 400-mg/kg doses of PFP were used. Blood glucose, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, urine glucose and ketones, and glycosylated hemoglobin were estimated, and biological markers were determined. Treatment with PFP (200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly lowered glucose concentrations compared to the control group. Serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and urine glucose and ketones in animals treated with PFP also decreased. There was a significant decrease in the concentrations of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide, whereas concentrations of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and reduced glutathione were restored. Therefore, these results suggest that PFPs may ameliorate hyperglycemia and hypercholesteremia associated with diabetes. Thus PFPs could be used as adjunct therapy along with first-line therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Anti-Diabetic Effects and Mechanisms of Dietary Polysaccharides

“…P. florida decreased the levels of MDA and nitric oxide and restored the levels of GSH, SOD, and CAT in diabetic rats. These findings recommended that administration of P. florida could attenuate diabetic complications along with hyperglycemia and hypercholesteremic effects [102]. Based on the investigations, all these results strongly suggest that polysaccharides possess antioxidant properties that can be applied as an adjunct therapy and control the effect of T2DM.…”

A review of the therapeutic and biological effects of edible and wild mushrooms

“…Treatment with Pleurotus florida polysaccharides significantly reduced glucose, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and ketones in animals. The study concluded that polysaccharides could improve hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia, including other complications in the therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus [ 131 , 132 ]. A comparative study on six edible and medicinal mushrooms was reported for their antidiabetic potential in terms of the inhibitory action of the α-amylase and α-glucosidase.…”

Mushroom Polysaccharides: Chemistry and Antiobesity, Antidiabetes, Anticancer, and Antibiotic Properties in Cells, Rodents, and Humans

“…Mushroom polysaccharides are reported to lessen the symptoms of medical conditions associated with metabolic syndrome, including diabetes [ 153 ]. Polysaccharides that have been reported to have antidiabetic properties in diabetic and/or obese rodents include those from the following mushroom varieties: Agaricus brasiliensis [ 154 ]; Agrocybe chaxingu [ 155 ]; Catathelasma ventricosum [ 18 ]; Grifola frondosa [ 156 ]; Phellinus linteus; [ 56 ]; Pleurotus abalonus [ 157 ]; Pleurotus eryngii [ 158 ]; Pleurotus florida [ 159 ]; Pleurotus sajor-caju [ 160 ]; Tremella fuciformis [ 151 ]; Ganoderma lucidum [ 161 ]; Lentinus strigosus [ 162 ]; Pleurotus tuber-regium [ 123 ]; Sparassis crispa [ 163 ]; and Tremella aurantialba [ 164 , 165 , 166 ]. Several of these studies will be elaborated on further below.…”

“…A polysaccharide isolated from the culinary–medicinal Pleurotus florida mushrooms was found to be nontoxic to mice up to 4000 mg/kg body weight [ 159 ]. The treatment of diabetic mice with the polysaccharide (200 and 400 mg/kg) resulted in significant reduction of the plasma glucose, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and urine glucose and ketones concentrations.…”