Antibodies against<i>Leptospira</i>spp. in Captive Collared Peccaries, Peru

Mendoza, Patricia; Mayor, Pedro; Gálvez, Hugo; Céspedes, Manuel; Jori, Ferrán

doi:10.3201/eid1305.060027

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In this study, the prevalence of seropositive animals with leptospirosis antibodies to one or more serovars was high (70.4%) and similar to the seroprevalence of a T. pecari population (65.0%) at Noel Kempff Mercado National Park, Santa Cruz, Bolivia (Karesh et al 1998). The prevalence of leptospirosis antibodies in our study population was high compared with prevalence in a wild population of collared peccaries (P. tajacu) in Arizona, USA, i.e., 23.0% (Corn et al 1987), but was similar to the findings of Mendoza et al (2007) for captive populations of P. tajacu in the Eastern Amazon. The high percentage of seropositive animals that we observed for T. pecari may be associated with favorable environmental conditions for Lepstospira spp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…The infections are described in a wide range of hosts that include humans, and domestic and wild animals. People contract leptospirosis through water that has been contaminated by the urine of infected animals (Mendoza et al 2007). In cattle, the disease can affect productivity by causing miscarriages, a reduction in milk output, weight loss, and even death (Santos et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies have reported Leptospira spp. infections in P. tajacu populations of the Southwestern USA, Mexico, and other regions in South America (Corn et al 1987;Acoltzi et al 1990;Mayor et al 2006;Mendoza et al 2007). In addition, Karesh et al (1998) reported a high prevalence of antibodies to Leptospira spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Leptospira interrogans antibodies in free-ranging Tayassu pecari of the Southern Pantanal, Brazil, an ecosystem where wildlife and cattle interact

Freitas

Keuroghlian

Eaton

et al. 2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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We surveyed a wild population of white-lipped peccaries (Tayassu pecari) in the Brazilian Pantanal for evidence of Leptospira interrogans. Serum samples from 71 free-ranging T. pecari were obtained between 2003 and 2005 in the southern Pantanal of Mato Grosso do Sul state. We used microscopic microagglutination to test for antibodies against 14 L. interrogans serovars (antibody titers ≥ 1:100 were considered seropositive). Seventy percent of captured animals tested positive for leptospirosis antibodies. Antibodies against icterohaemorrhagiae and autumnalis serovars were the most prevalent. We used log-linear analyses to test for associations among seropositivity, age class, and sex of captured animals. Seropositivity was strongly associated with animal age class, but independent of sex. Forty-six percent of animals less than 2 years old, 63% of adults during peak reproductive years, and 100% of the oldest age class were seropositive. A nonparametric multivariate procedure (MRPP) showed that the composition of serovar antibody types changed with age, and ANOVA models demonstrated that antibody titers increased with age, suggesting long-term exposure to a greater number and variety (i.e., serovar types) of L. interrogans infections. This study presents the first quantitative survey of antibodies against L. interrogans serovars in a T. pecari population of the Pantanal. The high prevalence of leptospirosis antibodies in free-ranging white-lipped peccaries and the potential impacts on reproduction and population dynamics emphasize the need for further studies investigating the roles of Pantanal wildlife and livestock in the transmission and maintenance of L. interrogans in the environment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Leptospira interrogans antibodies in free-ranging Tayassu pecari of the Southern Pantanal, Brazil, an ecosystem where wildlife and cattle interact

Freitas

Keuroghlian

Eaton

et al. 2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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show abstract

“…Leptospirosis is caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira 1 considered the most widespread zoonotic disease worldwide 3 , and the unsanitary conditions maintained in urban areas using sewer rats as reservoirs 4 . Several domestic and wild animals, including the species studied here, are considered as potential reservoirs and may shed leptospires in their urine, spreading infection directly or indirectly, through urine or contaminated water, respectively 1 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the animals assessed in the present study were found to be negative for Leptospira sp., these wild mammals might act as environmental sentinels and/or infection disseminators, particularly for toxoplasmosis, and pose a risk of human contamination through meat consumption. In addition, vertical transmission of T. gondii through gestation and horizontal transmission through oocyst ingestion from contaminated soil, food, or water might occur among humans or animal species 4,15 . More free-ranging capybaras were found to be positive for T. gondii than captive capybaras in the present study, indicating that the captive environment was more controlled, thereby impeding pathogen transmission between wild and domestic felids (definitive hosts), capybaras, and peccaries.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Serosurvey of anti- Leptospira sp. and anti- Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in capybaras and collared and white-lipped peccaries

Ullmann

Gravinatti

Yamatogi

et al. 2017

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction: Brazilian native species are reemerging as increasingly free-ranging populations. Methods: Sera from 31 capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) and 28 peccaries (Pecari tajacu and Tayassu pecari) were tested for anti-Leptospira and anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies using microscopic seroagglutination test. Results: Nineteen percent of free-ranging and 10.0% of captive capybaras, along with 31.8% of collared peccaries, were seropositive for T. gondii. None was seropositive for Leptospira sp. Conclusions: The present findings indicated low risk of disease, particularly among capybaras and white-lipped peccaries; however, active surveillance programs are important for monitoring wildlife health and public health once they are in public parks around cities.

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The establishment of a collaborative surveillance program with indigenous hunters to characterize primate health in Southern Guyana

Milstein,

Shaffer,

Suse

et al. 2024

American J Primatol

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The consumption of primates is integral to the traditional subsistence strategies of many Indigenous communities throughout Amazonia. Understanding the overall health of primates harvested for food in the region is critical to Indigenous food security and thus, these communities are highly invested in long‐term primate population health. Here, we describe the establishment of a surveillance comanagement program among the Waiwai, an Indigenous community in the Konashen Amerindian Protected Area (KAPA). To assess primate health in the KAPA, hunters performed field necropsies on primates harvested for food and tissues collected from these individuals were analyzed using histopathology. From 2015 to 2019, hunters conducted 127 necropsies across seven species of primates. Of this sample, 82 primates (between 2015 and 2017) were submitted for histopathological screening. Our histopathology data revealed that KAPA primates had little evidence of underlying disease. Of the tissue abnormalities observed, the majority were either due to diet (e.g., hepatocellular pigment), degenerative changes resulting from aging (e.g., interstitial nephritis, myocyte lipofusion), or nonspecific responses to antigenic stimulation (renal and splenic lymphoid hyperplasia). In our sample, 7.32% of individuals had abnormalities that were consistent with a viral etiology, including myocarditis and hepatitis. Internal parasites were observed in 53.66% of individuals and is consistent with what would be expected from a free‐ranging primate population. This study represents the importance of baseline data for long‐term monitoring of primate populations hunted for food. More broadly, this research begins to close a critical gap in zoonotic disease risk related to primate harvesting in Amazonia, while also demonstrating the benefits of partnering with Indigenous hunters and leveraging hunting practices in disease surveillance and primate population health assessment.

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Antibodies againstLeptospiraspp. in Captive Collared Peccaries, Peru

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

Prevalence of Leptospira interrogans antibodies in free-ranging Tayassu pecari of the Southern Pantanal, Brazil, an ecosystem where wildlife and cattle interact

Prevalence of Leptospira interrogans antibodies in free-ranging Tayassu pecari of the Southern Pantanal, Brazil, an ecosystem where wildlife and cattle interact

Serosurvey of anti- Leptospira sp. and anti- Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in capybaras and collared and white-lipped peccaries

The establishment of a collaborative surveillance program with indigenous hunters to characterize primate health in Southern Guyana

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