This review focuses on reports of hepatitis E virus, hantavirus, rotavirus, coronavirus, and arenavirus in synanthropic rodents (Rattus rattus, Rattus norvegicus, and Mus musculus) within urban environments. Despite their potential impact on human health, relatively few studies have addressed the monitoring of these viruses in rodents. Comprehensive control and preventive activities should include actions such as the elimination or reduction of rat and mouse populations, sanitary education, reduction of shelters for the animals, and restriction of the access of rodents to residences, water, and food supplies.

No abstract

With the raise of SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019 and the associated COVID-19 pandemics, much of the knowledge gathered from decades on research on other coronavirus species that use humans and other animals as hosts is invaluable to help counteract the burden of this new disease. This review ais to bring the highlights on coronavirus Biology and the most frequent diseases they might cause, serving rather as an introduction to the field.

Introduction: Brazilian native species are reemerging as increasingly free-ranging populations. Methods: Sera from 31 capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) and 28 peccaries (Pecari tajacu and Tayassu pecari) were tested for anti-Leptospira and anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies using microscopic seroagglutination test. Results: Nineteen percent of free-ranging and 10.0% of captive capybaras, along with 31.8% of collared peccaries, were seropositive for T. gondii. None was seropositive for Leptospira sp. Conclusions: The present findings indicated low risk of disease, particularly among capybaras and white-lipped peccaries; however, active surveillance programs are important for monitoring wildlife health and public health once they are in public parks around cities.

RESUMO: Pessoas em situação de rua têm sido consideradas um problema mundial na área da política pública e que demanda uma intervenção multidisciplinar com abordagem de assistência social e saúde. Algumas dessas pessoas em situação de rua têm interação próxima e de companhia com animais domésticos. Embora animais de companhia possam oferecer estabilidade emocional, podem contribuir para recusa no acolhimento humano e persistência nas ruas, como animais de companhia podem ser proibidos de adentrar em abrigos humanos. A presença de animais e a superexposição ambiental podem agravar coinfecções nestas populações vulneráveis. Por isso a importância de incluir o médico veterinário na rede multidisciplinar para garantir a saúde animal e reduzir as zoonoses e seus fatores de risco associados.Palavras-chave: animais de companhia; pessoa em situação de rua; zoonoses ABSTRACT: Homeless has been considered a worldwide public policy problem and may demand a multi-professional intervention with social assistance and health care approaches. Some of these homeless may have close and companion interactions with domestic animals in their environment. Although pets may provide emotional stability, may also contribute to human sheltering refusal and homeless persistence, as pets may not be allowed on most human shelters. Pet presence and environmental exposure may aggravate co-infections in such vulnerable population. Therefore, veterinarian inclusion in such network care frame has been crucial to insure animal health and reduce zoonosis and related risk factor.

GRAVINATTI, ML Detection of Public Health importance viruses in urban and rural synanthropic animals. 2022. Thesis Defense (Doctorate in Science) -

Sapoviruses (Caliciviridae) are considered important agents of gastroenteritis worldwide affecting animals and humans. In pig farming, the epidemiology is not completely understood because it can affect all stages of production, with symptomatic (diarrhea) or asymptomatic pigs. The aim of our study was to investigate Sapovirus occurrence in Brazilian pig farms. A total of 166 fecal samples of pigs, with different ages, from Minas Gerais, São Paulo, and Mato Grosso States were submitted to RT-PCR reactions and confirmed with nucleotide sequencing of Sapovirus RdRp gene. Six (3.61%) samples were positive and four had partial RdRp gene sequenced, putatively belonging to GVII.1 genogroup, also reported in swine herds in Brazil.

No abstract