Antibiotic Resistant Pattern and Resistant Gene Identification of Staphylococcus aureus from Chicken Farm in Bogor

Abstract

Chicken is one of the important protein source in Indonesia. Moreover, the largest population of chicken layer and poultry in Indonesia is known situated at West Java province with Bogor manicipality as the main producer. The aims of this study were to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from poultry and layer farm in Bogor. The study also identified gene encoded the resistance. Cloacal swab samples were collected from chicken broiler and layer farm in Bogor manicipality. The samples were then cultured in Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) medium to obtain S. aureus. Suspected colony was then confirmed by biochemical test. Positive strains were tested against several antibiotics and the diameter of clear zone arround of colony was interpreted based on Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute. Furthermore, the DNA from resistant strains were then extracted, followed by detection of the resistance gene by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. A total of 14 isolates of S. aureus were positive from poultry farm, and 15 isolates from layer farm. Most of all were resistant to tetracycline, ampicillin, oxytetracycline, erythromycin and nalidixic acid. On the other hands, several strains were sensitive to gentamycin and chloramphenicol. The study showed 28 isolates out of them were multi-drug resistant. Resistant gene such as blaTEM, gyrA and tetA were also identified in some isolates except for ErmB gene which was found in isolates originated from poultry farm. In conclussion, S. aureus in both farm showed mostly multi-drug resistant to several antibiotics which were supported by identification of resistant gene among isolates.

Staphylococcus aureus as a foodborne pathogen in eggs and egg products in Indonesia: A review

“…Staphylococcus is the most common bacterium that contaminates eggshells during the formation and laying process [37,38]. S. aureus contamination of eggs can occur horizontally when passing through the cloaca; this is reinforced by research [39] which found S. aureus in 28% of broiler cloacal swab samples and 50% of laying hens in Bogor Regency, Indonesia. Shells contaminated with many microorganisms will increase the risk of microbial penetration into eggs.…”

“…It can be obtained through mutations in its DNA alone or DNA acquisition that delivers resistance from another source [47]. Based on the results of the study [39], part big S. aureus isolates obtained from a cloacal swab farm chicken meat and egg laying in Bogor are resistant to tetracycline, ampicillin, oxytetracycline, erythromycin, and acid nalidixic. This study aimed to identify resistance genes, including blaTEM, gyrA, and tetA, found in S. aureus=Staphylococcus aureus animal husbandry, whereas ermB was only found on farm chicken broilers.…”

Deteksi Pola Resistansi dan Gen Penyandi Resistansi Antibiotik pada Escherichia coli Asal Peternakan Babi di Kabupaten Badung Provinsi Bali

“…Gen blaTEM (gen resistansi terhadap Amoksisilin) dideteksi dengan proporsi yang tinggi pada isolat asal manusia (100%), lingkungan (100%) dan hewan (85,5%) yang konsisten dengan hasil uji resistansi terhadap Amoksisilin dan Ampisilin. Identifikasi gen blaTEM pada sampel hewan, manusia, maupun lingkungan sebelumnya juga sudah pernah dilaporkan (Lenart-Boron et al, 2020;Hardiati et al, 2021;Hermana et al, 2021;Juwita et al, 2022). Gen blaTEM terletak dalam plasmid dan mengkodekan Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL), yaitu enzim yang mampu menghidrolisis Penisilin, Sefalosporin generasi satu, dua dan tiga, serta Aztreonam (Kaur et al, 2013).…”

“…Pada E. coli, keberadaan gen tetA telah banyak dilaporkan di peternakan babi dengan proporsi tinggi (Kallau 2019;Petrin et al, 2019;Park dan Ham, 2020), pada unggas (Kurnia et al, 2018;Jahantigh et al, 2020;Hardiati et al, 2021), dan E. coli dari daging babi dan sapi (Sacher-Pirklbauer et al, 2021). Gen tetA juga dilaporkan pada isolat Staphylococcus aureus yang resistan terhadap Tetrasiklin (Hermana et al, 2021;Juwita et al, 2022).…”

Identification of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern and Antibiotic Resistance Gene of Staphylococcus aureus from Broiler Chicken Farm in Sukabumi and Cianjur Regency, West Java Province, Indonesia

“…A comparable investigation was undertaken in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, when 12.9% of S aureus was recovered from chicken cloacal swabs [15]. In a comparable research performed in Bogor Regency, Indonesia, 28% of S. aureus was retrieved from broiler chicken cloacal swabs and 50% was isolated from layer chicken cloacal swabs [16]. Our outcome was lower than those obtained from cloacal swabs of birds sold at five wholesale chicken outlets in Dhaka, Bangladesh (72%) and a broiler farm in Duhok, Iraq (80%) [17,18].…”