Antibiotic release from an experimental biodegradable bone cement

Gerhart, Tobin N.; Roux, R.; Horowitz, Gary L.; Miller, Richard L.; Hanff, Philip A.; Hayes, Wilson C.

doi:10.1002/jor.1100060417

Cited by 94 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Meyer et al [30] prepared biodegradable beads from poly-( L )-lactide, in which the gentamicin molecule is stabilized with hydrophilic ion pairs. Other authors also reported on promising experimental data obtained with biodegradable carriers like hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate [31] , polycaprolactone [32] and poly(propylene fumarate)-methylmetacrylate in vivo in rats [33] . Recently, vancomycin-containing hydroxyapatite blocks were implanted into 5 patients suffering from osteomyelitis induced by methycillin-resistant S. aureus [34] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Antibiotic-Containing Polymethylmetacrylate Capsules and Beads

Börzsei

Mintál²,

Horváth³

et al. 2005

Chemotherapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: This study aimed at making local antibiotic therapy wider in cases of chronic suppurations by administering antibiotics which previously could not be given in this way through the conventional polymethylmetacrylate (PMMA) carrier techniques. Capsules from this material were produced with a pressing machine designed and laid out by us. The characteristics of antibiotic penetration from this novel carrier were compared to those of PMMA beads. Methods: The time-dependent outflow of amikacin, clindamycin, pefloxacin, piperacillin + tazobactam, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid and cefotaxime was examined from the capsules and the beads with standard microbiological techniques using the Micrococcus luteus ATCC9341 test strain. The diameter of the inhibitory zones was measured after 24 h incubation at 37°C and converted to µg/ml antibiotic concentrations. Results and Conclusions: Our results revealed that all antibiotics showed longer-lasting and higher concentration outflow from the PMMA capsules than from the beads. Therefore, these capsules can provide a more promising new opportunity for specific local antimicrobial treatment in cases of chronic suppurative bone and soft tissue injuries. In these cases the polymerization has already been completed and the heat does not influence the structure of the antibiotics; therefore, it can be inserted into the capsules in powder or solution form.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Antibiotic-Containing Polymethylmetacrylate Capsules and Beads

Börzsei

Mintál²,

Horváth³

et al. 2005

Chemotherapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although effective in inhibiting bacterial growth and biofilm formation, several of the implant coating strategies have the limitation of requiring prefabrication [25,43] and chemical modification with specific preselected antibiotics [4,29]. Release of antibiotic resembles the burst release observed in commonly used polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and calcium sulfate drug delivery matrices [23,47]. Unlike PMMA, which requires secondary removal through surgical procedures, phosphatidylcholine coatings are degradable and materials have been used in orthopaedic applications [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scanning electron microscopy images of biofilm formation on implants resembled images from similar retrieved infected implants [10,52] with rounded S aureus and rod-shaped P aeruginosa colonies visible in untreated groups. Formation of fibrous tissue, to varying degrees, along the outer portion of the wire exposed to soft tissue was seen with morphology that may be indicative of fibroblast or macrophage infiltration [3,23,36]. Material properties of the coating may have contributed to this response [26,77]; however, the majority of the fibrous tissue was formed at the point of the wire that curved and extended from the catheter, which may have been a location for rubbing and irritation as the animals moved or were groomed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Antibiotic-loaded Point-of-care Implant Coating Inhibits Biofilm

Jennings

Carpenter

Troxel

et al. 2015

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Orthopaedic biomaterials are susceptible to biofilm formation. A novel lipid-based material has been developed that may be loaded with antibiotics and applied as an implant coating at point of care. However, this material has not been evaluated for antibiotic elution, biofilm inhibition, or in vivo efficacy.Questions/purposes (1) Do antibiotic-loaded coatings inhibit biofilm formation? (2) Is the coating effective in preventing biofilm in vivo? Methods Purified phosphatidylcholine was mixed with 25% amikacin or vancomycin or a combination of 12.5% of both. A 7-day elution study for coated titanium and stainless steel coupons was followed by turbidity and zone of inhibition assays against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Coupons were inoculated with bacteria and incubated 24 hours (N = 4 for each test group). Microscopic images of biofilm were obtained. After washing and vortexing, attached bacteria were counted. A mouse biofilm model was modified to include coated and uncoated stainless steel wires inserted into the lumens of catheters inoculated with a mixture of S aureus or P aeruginosa. Colony-forming unit counts (N = 10) and scanning electron microscopy imaging of implants were used to determine antimicrobial activity. Results Active antibiotics with colony inhibition effects were eluted for up to 6 days. Antibiotic-loaded coatings inhibited biofilm formation on in vitro coupons (log-fold reductions of 4.3 ± 0.4 in S aureus and 3.1 ± 0 for P aeruginosa in phosphatidylcholine-only coatings, 5.6 ± 0 for S aureus and 3.1 ± 0 for P aeruginosa for combinationloaded coatings, 5.5 ± 0.3 for S aureus in vancomycinloaded coatings, and 3.1 ± 0 for P aeruginosa for amikacinloaded coatings (p \ 0.001 for all comparisons of antibiotic-loaded coatings against uncoated controls for both bacterial strains, p \ 0.001 for comparison of antibioticloaded coatings against phosphatidylcholine only for S aureus, p = 0.54 for comparison of vancomycin versus combination coating in S aureus, P = 0.99 for comparison of antibiotic-and unloaded phosphatidylcholine coatings in P aeruginosa). Similarly, antibiotic-loaded coatings reduced attachment of bacteria to wires in vivo (log-fold

show abstract

“…They found that during 4 months, more than 60% of the total antibiotic content is continuously released from these beads. Gerhardt et al [15] compared gentamycin and vancomycin release from experimental biodegradable bone cement, poly-(propylene-fumarate)-methylmethacrylate and PMMA in vivo in rats. Antibiotic concentrations of the blood and the wound secretion were determined with immunoassay and microbiological agar diffusion techniques.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of a Novel, Specified Local Antibiotic Therapy through Polymethylmethacrylate Capsules in a Rabbit Osteomyelitis Model

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chronic bone and soft tissue suppurations have become more frequent recently due to the increasing number of high-energy injuries. There are certain antibiotic beads available for local administration, but they cannot always be applied specifically against the pyogenic microorganisms. In the present study, a new technique of local antibiotic therapy for the treatment of infections is described. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) capsules were produced and filled with 0.1 ml Tazocin (0.02 g piperacillin sodium + 0.005 g tazobactam). The efficacy of these Tazocin-filled capsules was examined in vivo using a rabbit osteomyelitis model. Chronic osteomyelitis was induced in rabbit tibia by local injection of Staphylococcus aureus. The treatment included surgical debridement and implantation of Tazocin-containing PMMA capsules into the medullar cavity (n = 12). Simple surgical debridement with no antibiotic implantation was performed in control animals (n = 7). Results were evaluated using microbiological, radiological and histological methods 14 weeks after induction of osteomyelitis. Eight weeks after the implantation of PMMA capsules, complete physical, radiological and histological healing was achieved in 7 animals, initiation of the reparative phase was observed histologically in 3 cases and no reparative signs were detected in 2 rabbits. In the control group, no significant sign of reparation could be seen in any of the cases.

show abstract

Antibiotic release from an experimental biodegradable bone cement

Cited by 94 publications

References 27 publications

Comparative Study of Antibiotic-Containing Polymethylmetacrylate Capsules and Beads

Comparative Study of Antibiotic-Containing Polymethylmetacrylate Capsules and Beads

Novel Antibiotic-loaded Point-of-care Implant Coating Inhibits Biofilm

Examination of a Novel, Specified Local Antibiotic Therapy through Polymethylmethacrylate Capsules in a Rabbit Osteomyelitis Model

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About