Antibiotic-acrylic bone cement composites. Studies of gentamicin and Palacos.

Comparative evaluation of the diffusion of tobramycin and cefotaxime out of antibiotic‐impregnated polymethylmethacrylate beads

“…Other investigators have provided direct (34) and indirect (3,24,30,41) evidence that diffusion of antibiotic from PMMA is incomplete and that diffusion occurs from the surface only, leaving antibiotic sequestered in the core of antibiotic-impregnated PMMA structures. Schurman and colleagues (30), using radioimmunoassays, showed that after leaching of antibiotics in therapeutic quantities has ceased, low levels of antibiotic continue to be released from implanted antibiotic-impregnated PMMA structures.…”

The effect of mixing on gentamicin release from polymethylmethacrylate bone cements

“…This is unlike the situation in Europe, where a variety of different antibioticloaded bone cements are commercially available. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that only small amounts of the antibiotics incorporated in bone cement are actually released (Schurman et al 1978, Hoff et al 1981, Törholm et al 1983, Bunetel et al 1989, Chohfi et al 1998, because the release is largely a surface phenomenon. Antibiotics elute rapidly from the outer 50-100 µm of bone cement.…”

Antibiotic-impregnated xenografts in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitic cavities

“…After debridement, obliteration of the remaining cavity is achieved by different methods, such as using the surrounding soft tissues [2], calcium hydroxyapatite [15], bone cement [8,9,11,13], collagen sponge [10], plaster of Paris [2], lactic acid oligomer [18], or bone grafts, either autogenous [7] or heterogenous [14]. Although most of these techniques have been used in clinical practice to deliver antibiotics, they have some limitations mainly due to the need to re- move the vehicles.…”