Antibacterial, anticancer, anti-diabetic and catalytic activity of bio-conjugated metal nanoparticles

Abstract

Improvement of biological activities of medicinal plant in combination with metal nanoparticles is highly appealing. Herein, bio-conjugated AuNP and AgNP have been synthesized at room temperature using leaf extract of Saraca asoca a medicinal plant. Phytochemicals present in aqueous leaf extract of Saraca asoca, are acting as reducing, capping and stabilizing agent. The formation of nanoparticles is confirmed and characterized by different instrumental techniques like UV-visible and IR spectroscopy, SEM, TEM and XRD analysis. Both nanoparticles are spherical, monodisperse and crystalline in nature. Phytochemicals, comprising of functional groups like aliphatic ester C–O–C, alcoholic and phenolic–OH in extract are responsible for reduction of metal precursor and functional groups like N–H or O–H are responsible for capping and stabilization of nanoparticles. Preliminary biological activities like antibacterial, anticancer and anti-diabetic activity of bio-conjugated metal nanoparticles are screened through disc diffusion methods, MTT assay and α-amylase inhibition assay. Both AuNP and AgNP show antibacterial activity (zone inhibition values 9.6 mm and 9.7 mm for E. coli and 7.7 mm and 11 mm for B. subtilis, respectively) and anti-diabetic activity (IC50 1.5 mM and 0.35 mM, respectively) whereas AgNP displays growth inhibition of prostate cancer cell line . CAM assay confirm the biocompatibility of synthesized nanoparticles. Further, both nanoparticles show excellent catalytic activity towards the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) using as reducing agent even at very low concentration.

Phyto-Mediated Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Terminalia chebula Fruit Extract and Evaluation of Its Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Potential

“…Similar observations were made by Satpathy et al (2018), where the green synthesis of AgNPs using P. tuberosa extracts enhanced the cytotoxicity against breast, ovarian, multidrug resistant and brain cancer cell lines [29]. Patra et al (2018) endorsed and suggested such improvement in biological activities in the medicinal plants when in combination with a metal nanoparticle. In this study, the bio-conjugation of AgNPs with Saraca asoca not just improved the anticancer, but also the antibacterial, antidiabetic as well as catalytic activities of the plant extract [30].…”

“…Patra et al (2018) endorsed and suggested such improvement in biological activities in the medicinal plants when in combination with a metal nanoparticle. In this study, the bio-conjugation of AgNPs with Saraca asoca not just improved the anticancer, but also the antibacterial, antidiabetic as well as catalytic activities of the plant extract [30]. Cytotoxicity and IC50 values of T. chebula extract (TCE), silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and TCEmediated silver nanoparticles (TCE + AgNPs) treatment on human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells.…”

Antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer activities of gold nanoparticles green synthesized using Mangifera indica seed aqueous extract

“…The results of the X-ray diffraction pattern confirmed the formation of nanoparticles with strong and narrow bands of Bragg peaks and this may be due to the stabilization of the nanoparticles by M. indica seed extract. Saraca asoca leaf extract mediated synthesized AuNPs showed similar diffraction peaks confirming the crystalline nature and cubic structure of synthesized AuNPs [29].…”

Plant-Based Antidiabetic Nanoformulations: The Emerging Paradigm for Effective Therapy

“…Thus, dose manipulation of these nanoformulations would have the prospects in the therapeutic management of diabetes. Presently, around 51 FDA-approved nanoformulations are applied clinically as medicines and all these nanoformulations have been initially designed to improve physicochemical, pharmaceutical, and pharmacokinetic attributes of comprising drug molecules [360]. Considering these, it would be expected that the nanoformulations of naturally occurring hypoglycaemic agents will offer huge prospects through improving patient compliance, ensuring cost-effectiveness, and reducing toxicity in diabetes therapy in the future.…”