Antibacterial and wound healing properties of cellulose acetate electrospun nanofibers loaded with bioactive glass nanoparticles; in-vivo study

Abstract

Bioactive glasses (BGs) have gained great attention owing to their versatile biological properties. Combining BG nanoparticles (BGNPs) with polymeric nanofibers produced nanocomposites of great performance in various biomedical applications especially in regenerative medicine. In this study, a novel nanocomposite nanofibrous system was developed and optimized from cellulose acetate (CA) electrospun nanofibers containing different concentrations of BGNPs. Morphology, IR and elemental analysis of the prepared electrospun nanofibers were determined using SEM, FT-IR and EDX respectively. Electrical conductivity and viscosity were also studied. Antibacterial properties were then investigated using agar well diffusion method. Moreover, biological wound healing capabilities for the prepared nanofiber dressing were assessed using in-vivo diabetic rat model with induced wounds. The fully characterized CA electrospun uniform nanofiber (100–200 nm) with incorporated BGNPs exhibited broad range of antimicrobial activity against gram negative and positive bacteria. The BGNP loaded CA nanofiber accelerated wound closure efficiently by the 10th day. The remaining wound areas for treated rats were 95.7 ± 1.8, 36.4 ± 3.2, 6.3 ± 1.5 and 0.8 ± 0.9 on 1st, 5th, 10th and 15th days respectively. Therefore, the newly prepared BGNP CA nanocomposite nanofiber could be used as a promising antibacterial and wound healing dressing for rapid and efficient recovery.

Bioactive glass-based fibrous wound dressings

“…In vitro tests based on human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) and HDFs confirmed that the nanofibrous system can be potentially applied as a wound dressing material [ 99 ]. BG nanoparticles have also been employed to reinforce cellulose acetate nanofibers (100–200 nm in diameter) to develop a broad spectrum antibacterial wound dressing material that accelerates wound healing [ 118 ]. Another polysaccharide that has been widely studied for biomedical applications is chitosan.…”

Electrospinning Inorganic Nanomaterials to Fabricate Bionanocomposites for Soft and Hard Tissue Repair

“…The addition of 58S BG further improved the hydrophilicity of PHB/PCL membranes, which improved cell adhesion, cell proliferation, and biocompatibility. Similarly, Saraf et al [ 93 ] blended BG NPs along with cellulose acetate to produce organic–inorganic composite nanofibers. Composite scaffolds containing 3% of BG displayed smooth nanofibers.…”

Progress on Electrospun Composite Fibers Incorporating Bioactive Glass: An Overview

“…An innovative composite nanofiber was developed by combining cellulose acetate with 3 wt% BG nanoparticles in the investigation of Sharaf et al [ 110 ] The electrospun nanofibers were identified as antimicrobial substrates against gram‐negative and gram‐positive bacteria. An in vivo study using a diabetic model of male Sprague Dawley rats (nearly 100–120 g) indicated that throughout the 10th day, the wound had already closed due to the incorporation of BG into the polymeric fiber composition.…”