Antibacterial and immunomodulator activities of virgin coconut oil (VCO) against Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

Antibiotics have components to inhibit infections against Staphylococcus aureus, but they depend on judicious use to minimize the incidence of resistance forms. Strategies to improve the current situation include research in finding a new antimicrobial from virgin coconut oil (VCO). The saturated fatty acid, lauric acid (LA) (C12) contain in VCO was reported to have antibacterial activities. This study developed antimicrobial of VCO as an antimicrobial and immunomodulatory agent. Staphylococcus aureus used in this study had been isolated and identified from the mastitis milk crossbreed Etawa goat from Riau, Indonesia. The susceptibility of S. aureus to VCO was tested using the broth dilution method. The inhibition mechanisms of S. aureus had been studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after treatment with VCO, and potential of VCO, which is known in phagocytosis macrophage. In vitro test confirmed the inhibitory effect of VCO on the growth of S. aureus at the concentration of 200 μl (equal to 0.102 % LA). Based on the result of the phagocytosing assay, VCO could increase the ability of the macrophage cells to phagocyte S. aureus significantly at a concentration of 200 μL (equal to 0.102% LA). This study concluded that the VCO could inhibit the growth of S. aureus with destructive mechanisms of bacterial cell walls and increase the ability of the phagocytic immune cells.

Reduction of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria collaboration in diabetic ulcers by giving virgin coconut oil

“…Lauric acid can also damage bacterial cell membranes so that they interfere with protein signaling for bacterial cell growth. 13,14 As a result, bacteria will die. The reduced number of colony staphylococcus will be accompanied by a reduction in the thickness of the biofilm layer in the wound.…”

Ácidos grasos de cadena corta y media como precursores para inhibir los síntomas del coronavirus

“…56 El ácido láurico (C12:0), tiene la mayor actividad antiviral y antibacteriana, debido a que desintegra las paredes celulares bacterianas, 56 como lo indicó Yang et al (2018) 57 en un estudio con Clostridium difficile, donde se evaluó su efecto inhibidor a una concentración de 0.1 mg/mL, y se observó una cantidad mayor de materiales de ácido nucleico comparado con el control, lo cual indica que el ácido láurico (C12:0) daña la integridad de la membrana celular. Windianingrum et al (2019) 58 demostraron el potencial antibacteriano del aceite de coco virgen sobre el crecimiento de Staphylococcus aureus, el cual inhibió con una concentración mínima de 200 μL, debido a la presencia de este componente (40-60%), que se encuentra en su aceite en forma de ácidos grasos libres y monoglicéridos, además, de tener una actividad antibacteriana, antiviral, antifúngica, antiprotozoaria, también puede mejorar el sistema inmunológico. Por otra parte, Matsue et al (2019) 53 determinaron la actividad microbiana del ácido láurico (C12:0) contra S. agalactiae, S. mutans, S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, S. salivarius y S. sanguinis, y demostraron que la adición de éste ácido a una concentración de 0.25 mM y 2.5 mM inhibió su proliferación.…”

Effect of Virgin Coconut Oil in The Treatment of Leucorrhea Caused by Candida Albicans Infection on Pregnant Women at Hospitals in Padang

“…This decreasing in the number of colony in the second examination of control group occurred because the activity of anti-candida effect posed by VCO which cause disintegration of fungal cell plasma membrane. [15][16][17] Unsaturated fatty acid contained in VCO is as much as 60%, consist of medium-chain fatty acid which is essential for health body. The saturated fatty acid (lauric acid and capric acid) posed its antimicrobe activity so that after the administration of VCO orally or topically, it decreases the number of colonies on pregnant woman leucorrhea.…”

“…Besides, this material is safe and low cost so that it can be used as alternative to synthetic agent that is recently used. [15][16][17]…”