Antibacterial Activity of Sargassum sp. Extract Encapsulated into Chitosan-Tripolyphosphate Nanoparticles

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Sargassum sp. Extract encapsulated into chitosan-tripolyphosphate nanoparticles. Sargassum sp. Extract was prepared by maceration using ethanol 96% (1:10) for 24 h. Four nanoparticles formula were synthesized with the chitosan:Sargassum sp. Extract:tripolyphosphate ratios of 4:0:2 (F0), 4:1:2 (F1), 4:2:2 (F2), and 4:4:2 (F3). The nanoparticles along with aquadest, zinc bacitracin (10 mg/mL), and free Sargassum sp. Extract (100 mg/mL) were then tested for antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. Using agar well diffusion method. Results showed that the incorporation of Sargassum sp. Extract into chitosantripolyphosphate nanoparticles provided a significant effect on antibacterial activity (P < 0.05). F2 has higher Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. Inhibition than that of F0 and F1 (P < 0.05) but did not differ when compared with F3. F2 has equivalent Escherichia coli inhibition as compared to zinc bacitracin and free Sargassum sp. Extract. Moreover, F2 has higher antibacterial activity against Salmonella sp. (P < 0.05) than that of zinc bacitracin and free Sargassum sp. Extract. It could be concluded that Sargassum sp. Extract encapsulated into chitosan-tripolyphosphate nanoparticles is a promising candidate as an antibiotic alternative in poultry nutrition. Nano-F2 provided the optimum antibacterial activity against E. coli and Salmonella sp. Among the tested nanoparticles formula.