Antibacterial Activity of 1,2-Alkanediol against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Staph</i><i>ylococcus epidermidis</i>

Abstract

1,2-Alkanediol exhibits antibacterial activity against several bacteria and yeast. However, few studies have reported antimicrobial tests on skin microbiome. Bacterial microbiome on the skin surface include Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), which causes rough skin and inflammation in atopic dermatitis and Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis), which enhances innate immunity. In this study, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was evaluated for 1,2-alkanediol comprising 4-12 carbon atoms against S. aureus and S. epidermidis. 1,2-Alkanediol comprising 6-12 carbon atoms exhibited antimicrobial activity against both species of Staphylococcus. The antibacterial activity depended on the alkyl chain length. In addition, the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) on agar was evaluated for 1,2-alkanediol comprising 6-12 carbon atoms. 1,2-Octanediol and 1,2-decanediol exhibited significant bactericidal activity.

COVID 19: The safety profile of common disinfectants used for sanitization

“…This chemical agent performs its role better in situations which have slightly acidic pH level [96] . Although iodine compound can stain surfaces easily, the EPA has confirmed its safety against the environment [31,32,34,[83][84][85][86][87][88][89]97,98] . Glycol, namely 1,2-hexanediol although was not previously registered and used as a sanitizer or disinfectant, but when combined with other adjunct chemical agents, it is confirmed by EPA of its anti-microbial properties.…”

“…Sodium hypochlorite Low toxicity profile (medical disinfection), wide range anti-microbial properties, cheap [5,6] Skin irritation, swelling, rash, pain, corrosive [7,8] 2 years [9,10] +++ 0.5% [9,11,12] Silver ion Low toxicity profile, Potent antimicrobial agent [13][14][15][16][17] Argyria, silver dermatitis, interrupt drug absorption [18][19][20][21] At least 7 months [22] ++ 0.01% [23] Iodophor Wide range of antimicrobial, Stable storage, Low toxicity profile [24] Chemical burn, Blistering, Skin sloughing [25] 2 years [4,26] ++++ 1% at 6 to 75 ppm [27][28][29][30] Glycol Wide range of anti-microbial, Low toxicity profile [31,32] lower microbial killing strength, Sensory skin irritation [33,34,35] 2 years [36] + <0.5% ( insufficient data) [33] mg/L of AgZrP for 8 hours, complete elimination of E. coli and 99.9% of S. aureus is possible [50] . Another compound, silver zeolite at concentrations above 375 mg/L was reported to be effective in complete inactivation of both SARS-CoV-P8 and SARS-CoV-P11 strains of coronavirus within 2 hours [17] .…”

“…1,2-hexanediol belongs to the glycol class of disinfectant. It is also widely known for its use as an emollient, humectant and enhancers in cosmetics and personal care products [34,81,82] . It is liquid form with light yellow colour with boiling point of 223°C and 0.951 g/mL of density at 25 °C.…”

“…It is liquid form with light yellow colour with boiling point of 223°C and 0.951 g/mL of density at 25 °C. Although 1,2-hexanediol has wide anti-microbial spectrum, previous studies have shown that it must be co-formulated with other agent due to its lower microbial killing strength [34,[83][84][85][86][87][88][89] .…”

“…1,2-hexanediol was tested and known to have a low toxicity profile [31,32] . In addition, scientific evidences have revealed that 1,2-alkanediols demonstrate enhanced risk for anti-microbial and sensory distress as their length of alkane chain grows [33,34] . Sensory skin irritation potential test were used to determine the skin reaction caused by 1,2-hexanediol.…”