Antibacterial Activity and Biocompability of Zinc Oxide and Graphite Particles as Endodontic Materials

An overview of recent progress in dental applications of zinc oxide nanoparticles

“…99 Moreover, biocompatibility and antimicrobial properties are two key factors in choosing the best of them. 104,106 Recently, many materials have been used as the root canal filling, including methacrylate resins, epoxy resins, polydimethylsiloxane, calcium hydroxides, silicone, and ZnO. 107 Since 1930s, ZnO has been most widely used as a root canal filling material.…”

“…ZnO NPs can have selective toxicity to bacteria and antibacterial effects on numerous Gram positive/negative bacterial strains. 104 Furthermore, ZnO NPs are known as one of the important antibacterial NPs with minimal effects on human cells. The antibacterial properties of ZnO NPs depend on their concentration, consequently, higher levels, resulting in the maximum antibacterial effect.…”

Novel Structures and Applications of Graphene-Based Semiconductor Photocatalysts: Faceted Particles, Photonic Crystals, Antimicrobial and Magnetic Properties

“…The nanohybrids of graphene with metals and metal oxides have also been proposed in order to obtain the efficient antimicrobial agents, e.g., Ag [113][114][115][116][117], Ti [118], NiO [119], ZnO [120][121][122][123] and TiO 2 [124][125][126], as summarized in Table 3. Silver deposition on GO/rGO significantly enhances the antimicrobial activity (against E. coli, S. aureus, oral pathogens C. albicans, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus mutans, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans) due to the intrinsic activity of silver [113][114][115][116][117].…”

“…In addition to metal NPs, semiconductor photocatalysts, e.g., TiO 2 [124][125][126], ZnO [120][121][122][123] and NiO [119], have also been used for graphene modifications, as shown in Table 3. Many studies have revealed that G/rGO/GO as a support for the photocatalysts could enhance the charge transport (as also discussed in previous sections), resulting in improved photocatalytic activity.…”

Recent advances in nanodentistry: a special focus on endodontics

“…ZnNP can eliminate bacterial films; therefore, it could be used for enhancing the antibacterial effects of endodontic materials. These NPs have shown to demonstrate an effective bactericidal activity by enhancing tissue regeneration and improving wound healing [10, 11]. Kishen et al evaluated the antibacterial activity of cationic ZnNPs added to endodontic sealers and suggested that ZnNPs could inhibit the adherence of bacteria to treated dentin and hence, was capable to improve antibacterial properties without changing in flow characteristics [12].…”