Antibacterial Activities of Culture-dependent Bacteria Isolated from Apis nigrocincta Gut

Abstract

Introduction: Apis nigrocincta is a honeybee endemic to Mindanao island (the Philippines), Sangihe island (North Sulawesi, Indonesia) and Sulawesi mainland (Indonesia). The genus Apis is well known to have symbiont in their guts, which helps balance the microbiome in the gut and host health. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether the bacteria isolated from the gut of honeybee Apis nigrocincta produce metabolites with potential growth inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus and Escerichia coli, the bacteria which are important pathogens in humans and animals. Methods: Bacteria isolated from honeybee gut were cultured in MRSA and several isolates were purified for testing. The antibacterial activity test method used in this study was well diffusion agar. Pure isolates were grown on NB. The treatments given were heating and also neutralizing the supernatant from each isolate. Results: Five bacterial isolates were successfully isolated from honeybee gut and purified. The five isolates showed antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacterial strain indicators. The results of molecular identification showed that four of these isolates were Bacillus cereus and the other one was Staphylococcus arlettae. Neutralized supernatant showed strong activity on both indicator strains. The five isolates showed higher inhibition activity against S. aureus compared to E. coli. Conclusion: The finding of this research concluded that two bacterial strains, B. cereus and S. arlettae isolated from A. nigrocincta gut can be investigated further as agents which produce bioactive compounds that have potential as an antibacterial.

In Silico and In Vitro Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Potential of Bacillus cereus Isolated from Apis dorsata Gut against Neisseria gonorrhoeae

“…Three isolates showing strong and very strong activities against N. gonorrhoeae were identified molecularly as B. cereus, while one isolate was identified as A. indicus, which shared 100% identity with the reference bacteria in GenBank. Similar results for the activity of B. cereus were reported by Lombogia et al [51], who found that B. cereus from the gut of A. nigrocincta had antibacterial effects against S. aureus and Escherichia coli. In their heat-inactivated form, various strains of bacteria, such as lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria, can produce beneficial effects [52].…”

“…The following procedure was based on Lombogia et al [51]. The gut of A. dorsata was aseptically removed and then placed in Eppendorf tubes containing sterile physiological solution (NaCl 0.95%) and homogenized using a sterile micropestle.…”

“…Pure gut-associated bacterial isolates recovered from A. dorsata were then tested for their antibacterial activity against bacterial indicator N. gonorrhoeae using the agar well diffusion method, following the previous method by Lombogia et al [51]. Prior to testing, the indicator bacterium was measured for turbidity following the McFarland turbidity standard [92].…”

Investigating the modulatory effects of Moringa oleifera on the gut microbiota of chicken model through metagenomic approach

“…According to Lombogia et al ( 92 ), the presence of bacteria in the digestive system that produces dominant metabolites helps maintain a balanced environment. Bioactive molecules with potent antibacterial activity against various pathogenic bacteria, including enterotoxigenic E. coli, Salmonella , and Staphylococcus aureus , were discovered in organisms found in panda feces and fish ( 93 ).…”

Isolation and Identification of Bacteriocin-producing Bacillus Strain Isolated from the Gastrointestinal Tract of Indonesian Native Chicken (Gallus domesticus)

“…The identification of selected isolates was determined by the conventional method refers to Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology [9]. The identification includes microbiological tests, biochemical tests, and catalase production test.…”