Anti-oxidant effect of gold nanoparticles restrains hyperglycemic conditions in diabetic mice

Abstract

BackgroundOxidative stress is imperative for its morbidity towards diabetic complications, where abnormal metabolic milieu as a result of hyperglycemia, leads to the onset of several complications. A biological antioxidant capable of inhibiting oxidative stress mediated diabetic progressions; during hyperglycemia is still the need of the era. The current study was performed to study the effect of biologically synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to control the hyperglycemic conditions in streptozotocin induced diabetic mice.ResultsThe profound control of AuNPs over the anti oxidant enzymes such as GSH, SOD, Catalase and GPx in diabetic mice to normal, by inhibition of lipid peroxidation and ROS generation during hyperglycemia evidence their anti-oxidant effect during hyperglycemia. The AuNPs exhibited an insistent control over the blood glucose level, lipids and serum biochemical profiles in diabetic mice near to the control mice provokes their effective role in controlling and increasing the organ functions for better utilization of blood glucose. Histopathological and hematological studies revealed the non-toxic and protective effect of the gold nanoparticles over the vital organs when administered at dosage of 2.5 mg/kilogram.body.weight/day. ICP-MS analysis revealed the biodistribution of gold nanoparticles in the vital organs showing accumulation of AuNPs in the spleen comparatively greater than other organs.ConclusionThe results obtained disclose the effectual role of AuNPs as an anti-oxidative agent, by inhibiting the formation of ROS, scavenging free radicals; thus increasing the anti-oxidant defense enzymes and creating a sustained control over hyperglycemic conditions which consequently evoke the potential of AuNPs as an economic therapeutic remedy in diabetic treatments and its complications.

Gold nanoparticles allow detection of early-stage edema in mice via computed tomography imaging

“…Furthermore, significantly lower (P#0.05) ROS levels after NP co-incubation compared to cells without NP treatment showed that AuroVist™ NPs are highly biocompatible, most likely due to providing an antioxidative effect. Our findings coincide with previous observations revealing that GNPs can act as an antioxidative agent, by inhibiting the formation of ROS, scavenging free radicals, 47 reasoning that AuroVist™ NPs could exhibit similar effects on cells. Earlier studies revealed that transition metal NPs can be used as antioxidants because of their high reduction potential 48 and thus can also act on an enzymatic level leading to increases in endogenous antioxidant enzymes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.…”

Protective role of propolis against histological alterations in renal tissue induced by gold nanoparticles

“…Previous research work demonstrated the potential toxic effect of GNPs due to their size, surface area, shape, and charge where smaller particles are more toxic than the larger ones [6][7][8] . GNPs demonstrated oxidative stress and macromolecules interaction that could result in histocytotoxicity [9][10][11] . Some research works showed that GNPs with a size of of 5-20 nm were more toxic and had long time accumulation than the larger ones in the vital organs including the kidney [12][13][14] .…”

Homogenized Porcine Extracellular Matrix Derived Injectable Tissue Construct with Gold Nanoparticles for Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Applications

“…AuNP have been used as an anti-inflammatory agent due to AuNP's ability to act as free radical scavengers [17] [18] [19] [21]. Reduction in cellular ROS due to AuNP has been shown to be concentration dependent [22]. Similar to the effects of proliferation and migration, the concentration and size of the nanoparticle affects how the cells interact with the particles [39].…”

“…This reduction in inflammation may be attributed to anti-oxidative effects of AuNP. Several studies have shown the effectiveness of using AuNP as a free radical scavenger [21] [22]. It was determined that AuNP act as antioxidative agents by inhibiting the formation of ROS and scavenging free radicals, which lowered oxidative stress levels in mice [22].…”

“…The mechanism by which AuNP inhibit oxidative stress has not been completely determined. One theory suggests that AuNP inhibit lipids from peroxidation [23] [24]; other theories state that AuNP can restore metabolic enzymes damaged by hyperglycemia [22], normalize bile action [25], and interact with thioredoxin, a conserved thiol reductase that participates in the regulation of cellular redox balance [26].…”