Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) as predictor of ovarian reserve

Abstract

Background: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is produced by the granulosa cells of preantral and small antral follicles and its levels can be assessed in serum. Since the number of ovarian follicles declines with increasing age, AMH levels might be used as a marker for ovarian ageing. Therefore, we studied the relationship between AMH levels and ovarian response during ovarian stimulation for In vitro fertilization.Methods: A total of 100 patients who have undergone their ICSI treatment cycle using a GnRH antagonist protocol were retrospectively included. Co-relation between AMH and antral follicular count (AFC) was assessed.Results: In present study, 36% patients had normal AMH, 18% patients were in low normal range, 5% patients had low values and 2% patients had very low values. 41% of patients had values in high range suggestive of PCOS. Amongst this, 21% had values between 4 to 8 ng/ml where we got good AFC count and good result in terms of pregnancy. 80% were good responders while 20% were poor responders. When we evaluated the relationship of retrieved oocyte counts with the parameters included, we found that only basal AMH levels and the number of antral follicles were statistically correlated.Conclusions: High AMH levels correlated with low cancellation rates, retrieval of more eggs, higher live birth rates and a high chance for freezing of embryos. Low AMH levels (alone) do not predict low success rates in women under 35 years of age.

Ovarian reserve parameters and response to controlled ovarian stimulation in infertile patients

“…The results also show that AMH has a strong correlation with the number of oocytes inseminated and fertilized. Shembekar et al in a study of 100 patients also demonstrated that high AMH levels correlated with retrieval of more eggs 10. Moreover, the study also demonstrated high chances of successful fertilization and insemination with raised AMH levels 10.…”

“…Shembekar et al in a study of 100 patients also demonstrated that high AMH levels correlated with retrieval of more eggs 10. Moreover, the study also demonstrated high chances of successful fertilization and insemination with raised AMH levels 10. This could be due to the fact that AMH is a representation of the number of oocytes left in the ovary thereby resulting in a consistent measurement between the menstrual cycles.…”

Genetic Parameters and Genome-Wide Association Studies for Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels and Antral Follicle Populations Measured After Estrus Synchronization in Nellore Cattle

“…Moderate to high positive genetic correlations between AMH and AFP were reported to range from 0.56 to 0.68 in Nellore cattle and 0.73 to 0.90 in Holstein animals [52,55]. Since AMH is already certified as an endocrine marker of ovarian reserve in women [56], this significant positive correlation indicated that both traits could be incorporated into Nellore cattle breeding programs. Some authors [12,23,53] indicated a practical advantage in the use of AMH instead of predicting AFP using an ultrasound approach.…”