Anti-inflammatory, Antinociceptive, and Antioxidant Activities of Methanol and Aqueous Extracts of Anacyclus pyrethrum Roots

Abstract

Anacyclus pyrethrum (L.) is a plant widely used in Moroccan traditional medicine to treat inflammatory and painful diseases. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of aqueous and methanol extracts of Anacyclus pyrethrum roots (AEAPR and MEAPR). The anti-inflammatory effect of AEAPR and MEAPR was determined in xylene–induced ear edema and Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA)-induced paw edema. The antinociceptive activity of AEAPR and MEAPR (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) administered by gavage was examined in mice by using acetic acid-induced writhing, hot plate, and formalin tests, and the mechanical allodynia were assessed in CFA-induced paw edema. In addition, the in vitro antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method, ferric reducing power and β-carotene-linoleic acid assay systems. AEAPR and MEAPR produced significant reductions in CFA-induced paw edema and xylene-induced ear edema. A single oral administration of these extracts at 250 and 500 mg/kg significantly reduced mechanical hypersensitivity induced by CFA, which had begun 1 h 30 after the treatment, and was maintained till 7 h. Chronic treatment with both extracts significantly reduced mechanical hypersensitivity in persistent pain conditions induced by CFA. Acute pretreatment with AEAPR or MEAPR at high dose caused a significant decrease in the number of abdominal writhes induced by acetic acid injection (52.2 and 56.7%, respectively), a marked increase of the paw withdrawal latency in the hot plate test, and also a significant inhibition of both phases of the formalin test. This antinociceptive effect was partially reversed by naloxone pretreatment in the hot plate and formalin tests. Additionally, a significant scavenging activity in DPPH, reducing power and protection capacity of β-carotene was observed in testing antioxidant assays. The present study suggests that AEAPR and MEAPR possess potent anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antioxidant effects which could be related to the presence of alkaloids and phenols in the plant. In addition, the antinociceptive effect of APR extracts seems to partly involve the opioid system. Taken together, these results suggest that Anacylcus pyrethrum may indeed be useful in the treatment of pain and inflammatory disorders in humans.

Ameliorative potential of Anacyclus pyrethrum extract in generalized seizures in rat: Possible cholinergic mediated mechanism

“…In addition to anticonvulsant studies, A. pyrethrum extract was also screened for its acute and subchronic toxicity; it did not produce any behavioral abnormalities or mortality. Manouz et al (2017) reported that the phytochemical screening of A. pyrethrum revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins and saponins. The studies carried by Paramdeep et al (2014) found out that alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, and coumarins enhance gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) transmission.…”

Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, and Antipyretic Activities of Pseuderanthemum palatiferum

“…EPPinduced ear edema, carrageenan-induced paw edema and AA-induced hind paw edema in rats are classical models of acute inflammation, which frequently been used to identification of a new lead compound (Winter et al, 1962;Brattsand et al, 1982;DiMartino et al, 1987). EPP is a strong stimulant that activates the release of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as histamine, serotonin, bradykinin and prostaglandins (PGs) which increase the vascular permeability and inflammatory cell infiltration (Manouze et al, 2017). WEPP was screened for anti-inflammatory effect in EPP-induced ear edema model.…”

“…Cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation in rat is a standard model for chronic inflammation (Sarraf and Sneller, 2005). In chronic inflammatory response, accumulation of fibroblasts and the persistence of inflammatory cells lead to the release of pro-inflammatory mediators, free radicals, and lysosomal enzymes such as ALP which result in subsequent tissue injury (Manouze et al, 2017). Macrophages accumulate in layers surrounding the problematical material and sometimes form giant cells.…”

Standardization and Detailed Aspects of Chopchinyadi Churna: A Potent Anti-Arthritic Medicine

“…It is active against inflammatory and painful diseases. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities have been exhibited by the aqueous and methanol extracts of roots of Anacyclus pyrethrum [28]. N-isobutyldienediynamide and polysaccharides are present in its roots [29 -32].…”