Anti-hypoxic activity at simulated high altitude was isolated in petroleum ether extract of Saussurea involucrata

Ma, Hui‐Ping; Fan, Pengcheng; Jing, Lin-Lin; Yao, Juan; He, Xirui; Yang, Yan; Chen, Keming; Jia, Zhengping

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2011.08.037

Cited by 44 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…Acetazolamide (ACZ) was one of the unequivocally effective drugs. 11,[20][21][22] But it had some side effects such as memory impairment 23) and decreased exercise capacity. 24) We chose ACZ as positive control to compare the effects of AFIM and ACZ.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21,26) In the normobaric hypoxia test, groups of overnight fasted mice were treated by vena caudalis administration with five NO donors (100 mg/kg), AFIM (50, 75, 100 mg/kg), vehicle (10 mL/kg physiological saline) or ACZ (200 mg/kg). Twenty minutes after administration, each mouse was put into a 250 mL airtight container with 5 g medical soda lime inside.…”

Section: Drugs and Chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anti-hypoxia Activity of the Novel NO Donor Acetyl Ferulic Isosorbide Mononitrate in Acute High-Altitude Hypoxia Mice

Fan

Jiang

et al. 2015

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Nitric oxide (NO) may act as either a pro-oxidant or an antioxidant in biological systems. Previous work has found inhalation of NO improved survival in a high altitude rat model. NO donor isosorbide mononitrate derivants might have a protective effect against hypoxia. We synthesized a series of isosorbide mononitrate derivant compounds to test their anti-hypoxia activities. Normobaric hypoxia and hypobaric hypoxia models were used to study the protective role of NO donor in mice. The results showed isosorbide mononitrate derivants had protective effects in hypoxia mice. Among those compounds, acetyl ferulic isosorbide mononitrate (AFIM) was the most effective. It prolonged the survival time during the normobaric hypoxia test. It decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and H 2 O 2 in hypobaric hypoxia mice. The antioxidase activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) remained in normal ranges in the AFIM group. As a sign of mitochondrial dysfunction, the activities of ATPase were down regulated in mice under hypobaric hypoxia conditions. AFIM also protected ATPase activities. The protective effects of AFIM might come from a sustained NO supply and the release of acetyl ferulic acid with anti-oxidant activity.Key words altitude; hypoxia; nitric oxide; acetyl ferulic isosorbide mononitrate More than 140 M persons lives at above 2500 m (the conventional definition of high altitude as that where arterial O 2 saturation (SaO 2 ) measurably begins to fall).1) Barometric pressure falls with increasing altitude and consequently there is a reduction in the partial pressure of oxygen resulting in a hypoxic challenge to any individual ascending to altitude. With the ever increasing number of people ascending to high altitudes, medicines to deal with potential problems are becoming increasingly relevant to non-specialists, including general practitioners.A spectrum of high altitude illnesses can occur when the hypoxic stress outstrips the subject's ability to acclimatize. Acute mountain sickness (AMS) and high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE) strike people who travel too fast to high altitudes that lie beyond their current level of acclimatization. 2)AMS is a condition affecting otherwise healthy individuals on going rapidly to altitude. A spectrum of symptoms related to acute mountain sickness may develop at altitudes below 3000 m: commonly reported symptoms are nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, fatigue, and sleep disturbance. 3)Acute hypoxia induces pulmonary vascular permeability and contributes to forms of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema such as high altitude pulmonary edema and acute respiratory distress syndrome.4,5) AMS can sharply limit recreation and work at high altitude, especially in the first few days following arrival at a new, higher altitude, and if AMS worsens and HACE develops, the risk of fatality is significant. 6) Although slow ascent to altitude remained the most important measure to prevent acute mountain sickness, evidence from the literature on high altitude...

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Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Drugs and Chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-hypoxia Activity of the Novel NO Donor Acetyl Ferulic Isosorbide Mononitrate in Acute High-Altitude Hypoxia Mice

Fan

Jiang

et al. 2015

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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“…Acetazolamide (ACZ) is one of the unequivocally effective drugs. 7,[20][21][22] It is concerned that antioxidants may interfere with the action of ACZ on the normocapnic hypoxic ventilatory response. 23) In our work we chose ACZ as a positive drug to compare the effects of HPN with ACZ.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Antioxidative Effect of a Novel Free Radical Scavenger 4′-Hydroxyl-2-substituted Phenylnitronyl Nitroxide in Acute High-Altitude Hypoxia Mice

Fan

Jing

et al. 2013

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Acute mountain sickness is caused by sub-acute hypoxia in healthy individuals going rapidly to altitude. Both tissue hypoxia in vitro and whole-body hypoxia in vivo have been found to promote the release of reactive oxygen species. Nitronyl nitroxide can trap free radicals such as ·NO or ·OH, and may therefore be efficient protective agents. This study assessed the ability of nitronyl nitroxide to against acute mountain sickness as a free radical scavenger in acute high-altitude hypoxia mice model. Normobaric hypoxia and hypobaric hypoxia model were used to estimate the protect effects of nitronyl nitroxide against acute mountain sickness. Low pressure oxygen compartment system was used to stimulate high-altitude hypobaric hypoxia environment. Mice in nitronyl nitroxide groups survived longer than acetazolamide group in normobaric hypoxia test. Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and malondialdehyde (MDA) increased in both cerebrum and myocardium in vehicle group. The results indicated more radicals were generated during high-altitude hypobaric hypoxia environment. In therapeutic groups H 2 O 2 and MDA were significantly reduced while the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) were similar to normal group. These results demonstrated that nitronyl nitroxide was an efficient tissue radical scavenger and a potential protective agent for acute mountain sickness.Key words nitronyl nitroxide; antioxidant; free radical scavenger; acute high-altitude hypoxia More than 140 million people worldwide live >2500 m above sea level. Eighty million live in Asia, and 35 million live in the Andean mountains. The latter region has its major population density living above 3500 m.1) Barometric pressure falls with increasing altitude and consequently in the partial pressure of oxygen reduced. This leads to a hypoxic challenge to any individual ascending to altitude. A spectrum of highaltitude illnesses can occur when the hypoxic stress outstrips the subject's ability to acclimatize.2) Acute mountain sickness (AMS) is a condition affecting otherwise healthy individuals going rapidly to altitude. It is caused by sub-acute hypoxia in susceptible subjects.3) Acute hypoxia induces pulmonary vascular permeability and contributes to forms of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema such as high-altitude pulmonary edema and acute respiratory distress syndrome.4,5) AMS can sharply limit people's recreation and working at high altitude, especially in the first few days following arrival at a new, higher altitude. 6)More and more studies were concerned on the prophylaxis and therapy of AMS. 7-9)In vitro hypoxia and in vivo whole-body hypoxia can cause tissue release reactive oxygen species (ROS) which are potentially damaging to the cardiovascular system. 10) Hypoxia rapidly increases the levels of free radicals in organism, which is thought to overwhelm the reserves of scavengers. The radicals then damage cell walls, reduce the flexibility of blood vessels, destroy enzymes, and cause other molecular damage...

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“…The survival time of animals in a sealed container directly reflects the anti-hypoxic effects. Many studies have pointed out that exercise endurance is closely related to anti-hypoxic ability in living body [15]. The longer anti-hypoxic time leads to the lower oxygen consumption, which reflects higher utilization of oxygen, helps save energy during exercise, and improves exercise endurance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Fatigue and Anti-Hypoxic Effects of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides

Wu¹,

Guo²

2015

Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Energy, Environment and Chemical Engineering

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Abstract. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the anti-fatigue and anti-hypoxic effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) in mice. The mice were randomly divided into four groups, a control group and three treatment groups. The treated groups received different doses of LBP (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg body) by gavage every day for 28 days, while the control group received distilled water. Forced swimming test and normobaric hypoxia test were conducted on the final day of experimentation. The results showed that LBP could extend the exhaustive swimming time, decrease the blood lactic acid (BLA) and serum urea nitrogen (SUN) levels, and increase liver and muscle glycogen contents in forced swimming test. Meanwhile, LBP could extend hypoxic survival time in normobaric hypoxia test. This indicated that LBP had anti-fatigue and anti-hypoxic effects.

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Anti-hypoxic activity at simulated high altitude was isolated in petroleum ether extract of Saussurea involucrata

Cited by 44 publications

References 14 publications

Anti-hypoxia Activity of the Novel NO Donor Acetyl Ferulic Isosorbide Mononitrate in Acute High-Altitude Hypoxia Mice

Anti-hypoxia Activity of the Novel NO Donor Acetyl Ferulic Isosorbide Mononitrate in Acute High-Altitude Hypoxia Mice

The Antioxidative Effect of a Novel Free Radical Scavenger 4′-Hydroxyl-2-substituted Phenylnitronyl Nitroxide in Acute High-Altitude Hypoxia Mice

Anti-Fatigue and Anti-Hypoxic Effects of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides

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