Anti-Helicobacter pylori, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant evaluation of crude extracts from Amomum krervanh fruits

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine the antibacterial properties against Helicobacter pylori and the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of crude A. krervanh extracts. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ethanolic and aqueous extracts were measured against standard strain H. pylori standard (ATCC 43504) and six clinical isolates by disc diffusion and agar dilution. Anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated by measuring the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages using the Griess assay and the ELISA measurement of proinflammatory cytokines, tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Their cytotoxic activities against macrophages were determined by the MTT assay. ABTS and DPPH scavenging assays measured the antioxidant activities. Only the ethanolic extract showed antibacterial activity with mean inhibition zones of 9.0-19.3 mm for a corresponding MIC of 250 µg/ml; the clarithromycin MICs ranged from 0.5-1 µg/ml. This extract also inhibited production of NO (mean IC 50 98.99 ± 0.39 µg/ml) and IL-6 (mean IC 50 18.68 ± 2.16 µg/ml) and exhibited moderate antioxidant activity using DPPH and ABTS scavenging assays: mean IC 50 s 95.92 ± 1.26 and 90.35 ± 2.25 µg/ml, respectively. Thus ethanolic extract showed a greater spectrum of activity that could be exploited further as adjunct treatments of H. pylori related gastrointestinal disease.

Evaluation of anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, anti-H. pylori, antioxidant activities, and phytochemical compositions of Shirakiopsis indica (Willd.) Esser

“…On the other hand, the water and ethanolic extracts did not show the correlation between the inhibitory activity on nitric oxide, TNF-α, and IL-6 productions. The previous investigation by Bhanuz et al [6] revealed that the ethanolic extract of the Amomum Krevanh fruit showed higher anti-inflammatory activities than the water extract in both nitric oxide and interleukin-6 pathways. Additionally, the anti-H. pylori and antioxidant activities of the ethanolic extract were also higher than the water extract.…”

“…The plates were incubated as previously described for 3 days. The zone of inhibition was calculated by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone 3 times, and the mean value was taken [6,12].…”

“…Nowadays, the treatment of gastritis varies according to the cause, but the primary problem has not been solved. Various herbs have been used in Thai traditional medicine to treat gastritis and peptic ulcers [5,6]. The most common herb used for treating gastrointestinal symptoms is the fruit of Shirakiopsis indica (Sa-Mor-Ta-Lay in Thai).…”

Syntheses of phenylbutanoid and dienone derivatives and their anti-inflammatory activity

“…The results show that 4b has the highest IC 50 (294.79 ± 1.12 µM), while the lowest is found in 4a (103.28 ± 0.15 µM). Moreover, all samples at a concentration of 15.63 µM were potentially non-toxic, as indicated by cell viability of more than 70% [22]. Therefore, the 15.63 µM concentration of samples that exhibited 70% cell viability against RAW264.7 cell was chosen for the anti-inflammation assay.…”

Evaluation of 3 (4, 5 dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide method for rapid detection of vancomycin-resistant enterococci

“…3 (4, 5 dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) is a yellow chemical substance, which becomes blue formazan when dehydrogenated by mitochondria of living cells [17]. The MTT assay had been applied for assessing cell metabolic activity, cytotoxicity or loss of viable cells [17][18][19]. Vancomycin is a bactericidal agent which kills the susceptible bacterial cells.…”