Anti-fungal Efficacy of Polybutylcyanoacrylate Nanoparticles of Allicin and Comparison With Pure Allicin

Abstract

Although garlic has been used in Chinese traditional medicine for its medical properties for thousands of years, investigations into its mode of action are relatively recent. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro anti-fungal efficacy of the active principle of garlic, pure allicin and polybutylcyanoacrylate (PBCA) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with allicin. Pure allicin was prepared by reacting synthetic alliin with a stabilized process of the garlic enzyme alliinase. PBCA NPs were prepared by emulsion polymerization method and pure allicin was wrapped into it. The in vitro efficacy of pure allicin and PBCA-allicin NPs to Candida albicans, Cryputococcus neoformans, Trichophyton rubum, Microsporum gypseum, M. canis and Epidermophyton floccosum was examined and evaluated by MIC and MFC. The MIC of PBCA-allicin NPs to C. albicans (2.93 x 10(-2)mg/ml), T. rubum (1.46 x 10(-2)mg/ml) and E. floccosum (1.46 x 10(-2)mg/ml) was significantly lower than that of pure allicin (5.86 x 10(-2)mg/ml, 2.93 x 10(-2)mg/ml, 2.93 x 10(-2)mg/ml, respectively); accordingly, the MFC of PBCA-allicin NPs to C. albicans (5.86 x 10(-2)mg/ml), T. rubum (2.93 x 10(-2)mg/ml), E. floccosum (2.93 x 10(-2)mg/ml) and M. canis (2.93 x 10(-2)mg/ml) also decreased dramatically. These favourable results indicated that pure allicin has stronger in vitro anti-fungal efficacy to six tested fungi than alliinase and alliin. Moreover, it has improved significantly after pure allicin being wrapped into PBCA NP, which may be due to the NP's good prolonged release effect and nano-scale dimensions.

Efficacy of Niosomal Formulation of Diallyl Sulfide Against Experimental Candidiasis in Swiss Albino Mice

“…These problems associated with poorly soluble compounds are usually circumvented through the use of an appropriate delivery system that can modify the distribution of the drug in the body and facilitate controlled release and preferential delivery at the site of infection [34][35][36][37].…”

Garlic oil–loaded PLGA nanoparticles with controllable size and shape and enhanced antibacterial activities

“…In this regard, garlic has been reported to be a promising natural antibiotic. In addition, currently garlic is used as anticholesterol, antiplatelet, anti‐thrombolytic, antihypertensive, antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and anticancer natural medicine …”

Investigation of thiosemicarbazide free or within chitosan nanoparticles in a murine model of vulvovaginal candidiasis

“…showed the best antifungal effect when encapsulated within nanoparticles. Natural compounds, such as curcumin tested on Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Penicillium notatum, and Aspergillus niger [38], allicin tested on Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Trichophyton rubrum, Microsporum gypseum, Microsporum canis, and Epidermophyton floccosum [39], and copaiba oil tested on Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis, Trichophyton rubrum, and Microsporum canis [40], also showed better results when encapsulated.…”