Anterior Segment Changes Produced in Response to Long-Term Overnight Orthokeratology

González-Mesa, Ana; Villa-Collar, César; Lorente‐Velázquez, Amalia; Nieto-Bona, Amelia

doi:10.3109/02713683.2013.790977

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…González-Mesa et al reported changes in the axial length and in the anterior chamber depth in young adult subjects with stable myopia corrected with orthokeratology [32]. These changes reverted after lens discontinuation and their data are also in the range of 0.1-0.15 mm as presented in our subjects.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Stabilization in early adult-onset myopia with corneal refractive therapy

González-Meijóme

Carracedo

Lopes-Ferreira

et al. 2016

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Stabilization in early adult-onset myopia with corneal refractive therapy

González-Meijóme

Carracedo

Lopes-Ferreira

et al. 2016

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

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“…The OK lens wearers recruited were participants in a prior study conducted by our group and had been wearing Paragon-CRT lenses also for at least 3 years. 7,29 All subjects were whites.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tear Film Osmolarity in Response to Long-Term Orthokeratology Treatment

Nieto-Bona

Nombela-Palomo

Felipe-Marquez

et al. 2018

Eye &Amp; Contact Lens: Science &Amp; Clinical Practice

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Purpose: To compare tear film osmolarity (TFO) measurements in noncontact lens (CL) wearers and wearers of hydrogel or overnight orthokeratology (OK) CLs, and to assess possible effects of long-term OK on TFO. Methods: Overall, 108 subjects with moderate myopia participated in 2 experiments, and TFO was measured using the TearLab osmolarity system. In experiment 1, TFO measurements were made in 77 right eyes of 23 non-CL wearers, 26 hydrogel wearers, and 28 OK wearers. Subjects in the last 2 groups had worn their CL for at least 3 years. In experiment 2, 31 individuals (habitual soft CL wearers) were enrolled for prospective longterm follow-up of OK treatment. These subjects were fitted with Paragon-CRT (n¼16) or Seefree (n¼15) lenses, and TFO readings were taken at baseline and after 1 month and 1 year of lens wear and after 1 month of OK treatment interruption. Results: Values of TFO were within the normal limits in all 3 subject groups, although significantly lower osmolarities (P,0.01) were observed in non-CL wearers (281.765.9 mOsm/L) compared with hydrogel (291616.5 mOsm/L) or OK lens wearers (301.7610.8 mOsm/L). In experiment 2, TFO differed significantly at baseline between the Paragon-CRT and Seefree groups (P,0.05), and a significant decrease in TFO compared with baseline (P,0.01) was observed in the Paragon-CRT group after 1 month of cessation of lens wear. Conclusion:Higher TFO values were observed in lens wearers (hydrogel or OK) than non-CL wearers. After interruption of OK treatment, TFO returned to similar values to those found in non-CL wearers. O rthokeratology (OK), also known as overnight corneal refractive therapy or corneal reshaping, is a clinical technique designed to transiently reduce or eliminate myopia. Over the years, developments in the field have made OK a feasible correction option for subjects who prefer not to wear spectacles or contact lenses (CLs) during the day. Today's fitting techniques enable predictable and safe outcomes for improving uncorrected visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, 1-4 including satisfactory subjective vision according to the National Eye Institute Refractive Error Quality of Life Instrument-42 questionnaire. 5 The success of OK has been accompanied by a need to address the corneal response to treatment. Recent research efforts have examined changes in corneal morphology and physiology by assessing the effects of treatment on cell density, 6-8 thicknesses of the corneal layers, 9-11 subbasal nerve plexus (SBNP) distribution, 7,12 and corneal biomechanics. [13][14][15] Some studies have also determined OK effects on tear film components, 16 such as inflammatory mediators. 17 These studies conducted both in animals 18-20 and humans 6,7,12 have identified corneal changes produced in stromal and epithelial cell density, SBNP thickness and distribution, 7,12 and epithelial layer thickness ans also changes in the levels and distribution of proinflammatory mediators in the tear film samples of OK wearers. 17,21 To date, however, the effects of OK treatment o...

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“…We hypothesize that the failure of CXL to stabilize the corneal reshape effect by Ortho-K may be attributable to several possible reasons. Firstly, although it is yet conclusive that the effect of Ortho-K is mainly attributable to the corneal epithelial re-distribution [12][13][14] , other studies suggested the changes of corneal posterior surface www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ flattening 15 , stromal thinning 16 and shorter anterior chamber depth after Ortho-K 17 . On the other hand, one study suggested that CXL might bring about structural changes in the stroma but these changes were mainly on the anterior 200 μm thick portion 18 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of corneal crosslinking on corneal shape stabilization after orthokeratology

Liao

Lin

Keel

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Orthokeratology (Ortho-K) works to reshape cornea and is the only non-surgical way to enable vision without corrective aids. However, its effect is only temporary, and successful stabilization requires ongoing Ortho-K wear to maintain the reshaping effect. Corneal crosslinking (CXL) is a commonlyused technique in clinical practice to stabilize corneal shape in keratoconic eyes. However, whether or not CXL can stabilize corneal shape after Ortho-K in normal cornea has not been reported. Therefore, this proof-of-concept study using 2 rhesus monkeys aimed to determine the efficacy of the combined procedure. One monkey wore Ortho-K bilaterally for 24 hours, and the other from 6 pm to 8 am for 7 days. The left eyes of both monkeys underwent CXL after Ortho-K while the contralateral eye served as control. Results showed a gradual regression of corneal shape in all eyes with or without CXL. However, eyes underwent CXL regressed more slowly than the control eyes. The control eyes and the CXL treatment eye in the 7-day Ortho-K monkey regressed completely at last, while the CXL treatment eye in the 24 h Ortho-K monkey maintained a corneal flattening of −1.48 D 27 days after procedure. These findings suggest CXL can slow the regression of Ortho-K for a short duration, but cannot sustain its effect according to the current protocol.

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Anterior Segment Changes Produced in Response to Long-Term Overnight Orthokeratology

Abstract: A long period of OK reduces ACD and AL and changes PRCC.

Cited by 29 publications

References 47 publications

Stabilization in early adult-onset myopia with corneal refractive therapy

Stabilization in early adult-onset myopia with corneal refractive therapy

Tear Film Osmolarity in Response to Long-Term Orthokeratology Treatment

Effects of corneal crosslinking on corneal shape stabilization after orthokeratology

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