“…Many clinicians have advocated the placement of an interpositional material in the joint after diskectomy to avoid crepitus, degenerative changes, pain, ankylosis, occlusional alterations, and limited movement [ 5 , 13 , 14 ]. As a result, the application of TMF in joint surgery was reported by the literature, including TMJ ankylosis, tumour resection, traumatic defect, congenital malformation, joint degeneration, previous failed interpositional TMJ graft procedures, etc , as an implant or disk replacement material [ 19 , 24 – 26 ].…”