Antagonistic Activity of Siderophore-Producing Bacteria from Black Rice Rhizosphere against Rice Blast Fungus Pyricularia oryzae

Abstract

Rice blast caused by Pyricularia oryzae, which is a major threat to food security worldwide, markedly decreases the yield of rice. Some rhizobacteria called 'plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria' inhibit plant pathogens and improve plant growth by secreting iron-chelating siderophores. The decreased availability of iron adversely affects the survival of pathogens, especially fungal pathogens, in the rhizosphere. This study aimed to determine the morphological diversity of siderophore-producing bacteria, analyze the type of siderophores produced by the bacteria, and examine their growth-inhibitory activity against Pyricularia oryzae. The rhizobacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere of Sembada Hitam variety of black rice plants in Pakem, Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. In total, 12 distinct isolates were screened for the production of siderophores. It was found that 9 out of 12 bacteria produced siderophore and most of them were Gram positive bacteria. The best siderophore-producing isolates with different type of siderophore were used in further studies. The IS3 and IS14 isolates were found to be the best siderophore producer that produced hydroxamate and mixed type of hydroxamate-carboxylate type of siderophore, respectively. In the dual culture assay, IS14 showed a strong antagonistic effect against Pyricularia oryzae by the 81.17% inhibition.

Isolation and Evaluation of the Antagonistic Activity of Cnidium officinale Rhizosphere Bacteria against Phytopathogenic fungi (Fusarium solani)

“…In particular, PT1 strain showed outstanding phosphorus solubilizing activity when compared with the other selected strains. In addition to solubilizing iron in the soil, siderophores are also related to the bacterial ability to antagonize pathogenic fungi [ 29 , 30 , 31 ], and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase can damage the cell wall of fungi and inhibit their growth [ 32 , 33 ].…”

Identification and Characterization of Bacillus tequilensis GYUN-300: An Antagonistic Bacterium Against Red Pepper Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum acutatum in Korea

“…Siderophores differ from one another in their chemical structure and properties ( Ahmed and Holmström, 2014 ), and have been suggested as environment-friendly alternatives to hazardous pesticides ( Schenk et al, 2012 ). Siderophore-producing bacteria improve iron nutrition and slow down pathogen growth by limiting iron availability for pathogens ( Nabila and Kasiamdari, 2021 ). However, the development of fungicide resistance in antagonistic bacteria is an increasing threat in plant disease management ( Alizadeh et al, 2020 ).…”

Isolation and selection of siderophore-producing bacteria from roots of Simadu pineapple (Ananas comosus) in Subang District, West Java

“…Bacterial preculture was made by inoculating bacteria from NA slanted agar into 20 ml LB liquid media in a 100 ml Erlenmeyer which was incubated at 28-30°C for 24 hours in a rotary shaker (200 rpm) (Nabila and Kasiamdari, 2021). The new culture was then transferred to as much as 2 ml to 200 ml of new sterile LB media (Arora and Verma, 2017).…”