Annealing and doping effects on the structure of europium-doped HfO2 sol–gel material

Correlation between the method of preparation and the properties of the sol–gel HfO2 thin films

“…Some other possible applications for HfO 2 films include: protection material against oxidation/corrosion [2,3]; insulating dielectric for memory devices such as DRAM, thin film electroluminescent (TFEL) applications [4,5], waveguides [6][7][8].…”

“…The sol-gel process offers an alternative method to avoid the deterioration of film properties due to high temperature annealing treatments [2,3,[6][7][8][25][26][27][28][29][30][31].…”

Tailoring the index of refraction of nanocrystalline hafnium oxide thin films

“…4 HfO 2 is also highly dense making it attractive for developing scintillating materials by activating rare earth dopants. 5 In addition, HfO 2 -based optical coatings are promising for other emerging applications, for instance, optical heat mirrors based on HfO 2 for energy efficient window applications were also reported. 6 All the aforementioned optical and electronic device applications are highly sensitive to the microstructure and the specific phase of HfO 2 thin films and coatings.…”

Synthesis and characterization of hafnium oxide and hafnium aluminate ultra-thin films by a sol–gel spin coating process for microelectronic applications

“…Several authors have already investigated these systems by different synthesis route ranging from oxide molecular beam epitaxy system to reactive co-evaporation in a ultrahigh vacuum and [11], chemical solution deposition [12,13] to conventional sol-gel process [14][15][16][17][18].…”