Ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum

Abstract

The ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum is a congenital eyelid anomaly in which the development of the eyelids is completed but the eyelids are not completely separated at birth. The abnormality can occur as an isolated anomaly, together with other eye diseases or in the context of systemic syndromes. In this case report the current classification and essential diagnostics of AFA will be reviewed.

A Rare Case of Ankyloblepharon Filiforme Adnatum

“…The pathogenesis of AFA has not been clear, though the failure of apoptosis at the 5th month of gestation when the upper and lower eyelids separate has been postulated. 6,7 Temporary epithelial arrest with rapid mesenchymal proliferation has also been thought to be one of the pathogenic mechanisms. 8 Treatment of AFA is the simple release of the bands with the help of scissors, which can be done bedside.…”

A rare form of ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum associated with the Hay–Wells syndrome and a c.1709T>C mutation on the TP63 gene

“…The mechanism of eyelid separation in the 25 th -26 th week of gestation has not been explained in detail yet, although function of some growth factors participating in the facial formation was proved. A defect of the original merging of the eyelids or a temporary disruption of an epithelial development with proliferation of the mesenchymal tissue also count among the theories of the AFA development (7,8).…”

“…The opinions on timing of the surgical intervention as well as on the type of anesthesia vary (3,7,8). In some cases, even a spontaneous separation of the eyelids within a couple of months after the birth was described (9).…”

Ankyloblepharon Filiforme Adnatum in a Newborn

“…Ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum (AFA) is a rare congenital anomaly, 1 2 consisting of a partial or complete fusion of the eyelid margins. Such condition is normal during the fetal life (eyelids normally remain fused until the 5th month of gestation), 3 but not after birth. It is described as a single or multiple tissue band between the upper and lower eyelid margins.…”