Animal Feed Production and Contamination by Foodborne Salmonella

Maciorowski, K.G.; Herrera, Paul; Kundinger, M. M.; Ricke, Steven C.

doi:10.1007/s00003-006-0036-z

Cited by 48 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 181 publications

(224 reference statements)

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“…Animal feed is a recognized source of pathogenic microorganisms for animals [16]. It is still relatively common to find evidence of contamination of domestic and imported feed and animal-feed ingredients [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Salmonella can be isolated regularly from feedstuffs and feed ingredients, including both animal and vegetable proteins, such as soya, rape, palm kernel, rice bran and cottonseed.…”

Section: Results and Disscusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmonella serovars isolated for the first time in Poland, 1995–2007

Dera-Tomaszewska¹

2012

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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Objectives: Almost each year, a few Salmonella serovars isolated for the first time are noted in Poland. Each such serovar should be regarded as potentially dangerous. Recognition of them and monitoring their occurrence and frequency of distribution in all sources is important to control salmonellosis, and is one of the roles of the National Salmonella Centre. Materials and Methods: Over 2000 Salmonella strains submitted to the National Salmonella Centre for reference identification were examined. All of them were isolated in Poland between 1995−2007 from human and non-human sources. They were serotyped and characterized biochemically according to standard techniques. The antigenic factors were identified by means of good-quality Salmonella specific rabbit antisera. The White-Kauffmann-Le Minor scheme was used to name the serovars. Results: One hundred and forty-five serovars were recognized. Fifty-two of them appeared for the first time in Poland. One serovar was found to be the new one. Its validation was done at the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella (Institut Pasteur, Paris, France). It will be included in the next (10th) edition of the White-Kauffmann-Le Minor scheme. Conclusions: Salmonella will continue to be the feature of humans, animals and the general environment. For practical purposes, we have to accept that Salmonella will not be eliminated and we must address our efforts to its controlling. Measuring trends in Salmonella serovars over time ought to be done to provide information about the efficacy of prevention and control measures. Results of this study are significant for these activities. They have also allowed to update the list of Salmonella serovars isolated in Poland during the last fifty years (1957−2007) which is presented as well.

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Section: Results and Disscusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmonella serovars isolated for the first time in Poland, 1995–2007

Dera-Tomaszewska¹

2012

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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“…The viability of food borne illnesses, such as Salmonella sp . have likewise been studied in feed and feed ingredients [11]. Based on the fact that ingredient processing procedures can successfully render PEDV inactive [12], this study operated under the premise of post-processing contamination of all ingredients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus survival in individual feed ingredients in the presence or absence of a liquid antimicrobial

et al. 2015

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BackgroundContaminated complete feed and porcine plasma are risk factors for PEDV introduction to farms and a liquid antimicrobial has been proven useful for reducing risk. This study provides information on the survivability of PEDV across common swine feed ingredients in the presence or absence of the liquid antimicrobial.ResultsEighteen ingredients commonly included in commercial swine diets were selected, including 3 grain sources (corn, soybean meal (SBM), dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS)), 5 porcine by-products (spray-dried plasma, purified plasma, intestinal mucosa, meat and bone meal and red blood cells (RBCs)), 3 vitamin/trace mineral (VTM) mixes (sow, nursery, finishing), 2 fat sources (choice white grease and soy oil), 3 synthetic amino acids (lysine HCL, D/L methionine, threonine), as well as limestone and dry choline chloride. Complete feed and stock PEDV served as controls. Thirty grams of each ingredient were inoculated with 2 mL PEDV. A matched set of samples were treated with the formaldehyde-based liquid antimicrobial SalCURB® (LA). All samples (n = 320) were stored outdoors under winter time ambient conditions for 30 days. Samples were submitted on 1, 7, 14 and 30 days post-inoculation (DPI) and tested by PCR and virus isolation (VI). All VI-negative samples were tested by swine bioassay. Viable PEDV was detected by VI or swine bioassay at 1, 7, 14 and 30 DPI from SBM, DDGS, meat & bone meal, RBCs, lysine HCL, D/L methionine, choice white grease, choline chloride, complete feed and stock virus control and at 7 DPI in limestone and at 14 DPI in threonine. Supplementary testing of complete feed and SBM indicated viable virus out to 45 and 180 DPI, respectively. All other samples were negative by VI and bioassay. In contrast, treatment with LA inactivated PEDV across all ingredients on 1 DPI and induced RNA reduction over time.ConclusionsUnder the conditions of this study, PEDV viability in feed was influenced by ingredient with extended survival in SBM. Furthermore, LA treatment rendered virus inactive, independent of ingredient type.

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“…For this reason, research has aimed to develop alternative methods for molting, new procedures that would avoid feed removal, but retain at the same time the economic benefits (Maciorowski and others ). For molting purposes, Woodward and others () demonstrated that alfalfa could be used as an alternative, resulting in a reduction of S .…”

Section: Preharvest Methods For Reducing the Risk Of Salmonella Contamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different protein sources and cereals have been identified as contaminated with Salmonella spp. : peanut meal, sunflower meal, soybean meal, bran meal, barley, corn, sorghum, and wheat (Maciorowski and others ). Sunflower yielded the highest number of positive samples for Salmonella spp.…”

Section: Preharvest Methods For Reducing the Risk Of Salmonella Contamentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Salmonella Contamination of Shell Eggs—Preharvest and Postharvest Methods: A Review

Galis

Marcq

Marlier

et al. 2013

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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Salmonella Enteritidis is one of the most prevalent foodborne pathogen, its main reservoir being considered the shell egg. As the concerns related to the increasing human salmonellosis cases grow, the need for an application of preventive methods either at the farm level or during the processing steps is crucial for a better control of the foodborne outbreaks due to the consumption of this specific food product. This review focuses on the application of preventive methods at the farm level, on preharvest step, in order to reduce the risk of shell eggs contamination with Salmonella, especially S. Enteritidis, through a better control of the laying hens' infection with this pathogen. As postharvest methods, a 1st approach is the egg storage conditions and the prevention of Salmonella spp. growth and multiplication. In addition, shell eggs may be subjected to eggshell decontamination, to reduce the risk of foodborne outbreaks. Several of these latter mentioned methods are already authorized to be put in place in different countries, as it is the case in the United States of America and Canada. Their efficacy has been proven and their use is regarded by some as mandatory for ensuring shell eggs safety for the consumers.

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Animal Feed Production and Contamination by Foodborne Salmonella

Abstract: Animal feeds can

Cited by 48 publications

References 181 publications

Salmonella serovars isolated for the first time in Poland, 1995–2007

Salmonella serovars isolated for the first time in Poland, 1995–2007

An evaluation of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus survival in individual feed ingredients in the presence or absence of a liquid antimicrobial

Control of Salmonella Contamination of Shell Eggs—Preharvest and Postharvest Methods: A Review

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