Anesthesia and Transport of Brazilian Flounder, Paralichthys orbignyanus, with Essential Oils of Aloysia gratissima and Ocimum gratissimum

Benovit, Simone Cristina; Gressler, Luciane Tourem; Silva, Lenise de Lima; Garcia, Luciano de Oliveira; Okamoto, Marcelo Hideo; Pedron, Janaína dos Santos; Sampaio, Luís André; Rodrigues, Ricardo Vieira; Heinzmann, Berta Maria; Baldisserotto, Bernardo

doi:10.1111/j.1749-7345.2012.00604.x

Cited by 61 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In addition, two fish died when transferred to the recovery recipient and another four animals also treated with this EO died during the observation period of 72 hours (Table 2). Silva et al (2013) also reported constant involuntary muscular contractions followed by mortality in silver catfish Rhamdia quelen submitted to Lippia sidoides, and Benovit et al (2012) reported the same in flounder anaesthetized with Aloysia gratissima. Basil oil and its main component, methyl chavicol (estragole) are recognized as potential pesticides (Kim and Lee, 2014;Pandey et al, 2014) and, according to Kirby et al (2000), some insecticides are potent neurotoxins and exert their toxicity by blocking the breakdown of acetylcholine (ACh), the primary neurotransmitter in the sensory and neuromuscular systems of fish.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Some essential oils (EO) derived from plants have been shown to be a viable alternative to reduce stress during fish capture and handling (Silva et al, 2013). Different oils have been used to anaesthetize fish, such as Eugenia caryophyllata (Weber et al, 2009;Pawar et al, 2011), Cinnamomum camphora, Mentha arvensis (Pedrazzani and Ostrensky, 2014), Melaleuca alternifolia (Hajek, 2011), Ocimum gratissimum (Benovit et al, 2012), Hesperozygis ringens and Ocotea acutifolia (Silva et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Basil, tea tree and clove essential oils as analgesics and anaesthetics in Amphiprion clarkii (Bennett, 1830)

et al. 2017

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In this study were evaluated the anaesthesia and analgesic effects of clove Eugenia caryophyllata, tea tree Melaleuca alternifolia and basil Ocimum basilicum essential oils (EO) during handling of yellowtail clownfish Amphiprion clarkii. Juveniles (3.70 ± 0.75 cm and 1.03 ± 0.50 g; mean ± standard deviation) were submitted to concentrations of tea tree oils (n=10/concentration), previously defined in pilot tests. Individually and only once, fish from each treatment were placed in a glass recipient containing 1 L of seawater at a temperature of 25 °C, salinity of 35 g L -1 and the specific concentration of diluted EO (stock solution). Control (only seawater) and blank (seawater and ethanol at the highest concentration used to dilute the oils) treatments were also conducted. After reaching the stage of surgical anaesthesia, fish were submitted to biometry and a sensibility test. After that, they were transferred to clean seawater for anaesthesia recovery. The times of induction needed to reach each anaesthesia stage and anaesthesia recovery were recorded. Animals were observed for 72 hours after the procedures. All the EO provoked anaesthesia and analgesic effects in A. clarkii, but basil oil is not recommended because it caused involuntary muscle contractions and mortality in 100% and 12% of fish, respectively. The lower concentrations that promote suitable induction and recovery times are 50 µl L -1 of clove oil and 500 µl L -1 of tea tree oil. However, due to its complementary high analgesic efficiency, clove oil is recommended as the ideal anaesthetic for A. clarkii. , 500 e 600 µl L -1 de melaleuca (n=10/concentração), previamente definidas em testes pilotos. Individualmente e somente uma vez, os peixes de cada tratamento foram colocados em recipiente de vidro contendo 1 L de água salgada, em temperatura de 25 °C, salinidade de 35 g L -1 e a concentração específica de OE diluída (solução estoque). Tratamentos controle (apenas água marinha) e branco (água marinha e a maior concentração de etanol utilizada para diluição dos óleos) também foram conduzidos. Após atingirem o estágio de anestesia cirúrgica, os peixes foram submetidos à biometria e teste de sensibilidade. Em seguida, foram transferidos para água marinha limpa. Os tempos necessários para atingir cada estágio anestésico e recuperação foram registrados. Os animais foram observados por 72 horas após os procedimentos. Todos os OE provocaram anestesia e analgesia em A. clarkii, porém o óleo de manjericão não é recomendado, pois causou contrações musculares involuntárias e mortalidade em 100% e 12% dos animais, respectivamente. As menores concentrações que promovem indução anestésica e recuperação em tempos adequados são 50 µl L -1 de óleo de cravo e 500 µl L -1 de óleo de melaleuca. Entretanto, devido à sua alta eficiência analgésica complementar, o óleo de cravo é recomendado como o anestésico ideal para A. clarkii. Keywords

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basil, tea tree and clove essential oils as analgesics and anaesthetics in Amphiprion clarkii (Bennett, 1830)

et al. 2017

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“…It has been used as a condiment and, in traditional medicine, as a sedative and in the treatment of stress, headache, among others (Albuquerque & Andrade, 1998;Di Stasi et al, 2002;Albuquerque et al, 2007). Recently, the essential oil of O. gratissimum (EOO) was also proposed as a new anesthetic for silver catfish juveniles (Silva et al, 2012;Benovit et al, 2012). Thus, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of such oil on the stress response induced by the handling of silver catfish.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of anesthesia with the essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum L. in parameters of fish stress

Silva

Garlet

Koakoski

et al. 2015

Rev. bras. plantas med.

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ABSTRACT:The effects of anesthesia with the essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum (EOO) in parameters of stress after handling were investigated in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). EOO was obtained from the aerial parts by hydrodistillation. Juveniles were anesthetized with 70 or 300 mg L -1 EOO and submitted to air exposure for 1 minute. The fishes were sampled immediately or transferred to anesthetic-free aquaria until sampling. In the first experiment, juveniles had their blood collected at 0, 1, 4, and 8 h after handling to assay plasma cortisol and blood glucose levels. The unanesthetized animals were restrained manually for blood collection. In the second experiment, water samples of the recovery aquaria were collected to evaluate net ion fluxes at 0 -4 h and 4 -8 h. Water and ethanol controls were also performed under the same conditions. The results showed that the cortisol levels did not differ among the treatments. Hyperglycemia was verified in fish exposed to 70 and 300 mg L -1 EOO at 1 h and 4 h after handling. After 8 h, cortisol and glucose concentrations were lower or similar than those from immediately after handling for all treatments. EOO anesthesia prevented Na + efflux observed in the control groups in both flux periods. There were net Cl -and K + effluxes at 0 -4 h and influxes at 4 -8 h after handling in most treatments, and these fluxes did not differ among the treatments. The results suggest that EOO did not impair stress recovery and did not act as an additional handling stressor in silver catfish.Key words: clove basil, cortisol, glucose, net ion flux, silver catfish. RESUMO: Efeitos da anestesia com o óleo essencial de Ocimum gratissimum L. em parâmetros de estresse de peixes. Os efeitos da anestesia com o óleo essencial deOcimum gratissimum (EOO) em parâmetros de estresse após manuseio foram investigados em jundiás (Rhamdia quelen). EOO foi obtido a partir das partes aéreas por hidrodestilação. Os juvenis foram anestesiados com 70 ou 300 mg L -1 de EOO e expostos ao ar por 1 minuto. Os peixes foram amostrados imediatamente ou transferidos para aquários sem anestésico até amostragem. No primeiro experimento, os juvenis tiveram seu sangue coletado em 0, 1, 4, e 8 h após manuseio para avaliar os níveis de cortisol e glicemia. Os animais não anestesiados foram contidos manualmente para coleta sanguínea. No segundo experimento, amostras de água foram coletadas do aquário de recuperação dos animais para avaliação do fluxo iônico entre 0 -4 h e 4 -8 h. Grupos controles em água e etanol também foram realizados sobre as mesmas condições. Os resultados demonstraram que os níveis de cortisol não diferiram entre os tratamentos. Hiperglicemia foi detectada em peixes expostos a 70 e 300 mg L -1 de EOO em 1 h e 4 h após o manuseio. Após 8 h, os teores de cortisol e glicose foram menores ou similares aqueles imediatamente após o manuseio para todos os tratamentos. A anestesia com EOO preveniu o efluxo de Na + observado para os grupos controle em ambos os períodos avaliados. Ocorreram efluxos de Cl-and ...

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“…A study with Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), for instance, has reported high toxicity of allicin, which is the main constituent of the garlic EO (Hussein et al, 2013). In the Brazilian flounder (Paralichthys orbignyanus), the EO of Aloysia gratissima elicited paralysis and mortality during anesthesia (Benovit et al, 2012). Other undesirable effects have been reported in fish exposed to natural anesthetics: increased lactate content with N. megapotamica, L. alba and H. ringens EOs (Tondolo et al, 2013;Toni et al, 2014), elevated glucose levels with mentol (Simões, Gomes, 2009;Sanchez et al, 2014), increased plasma cortisol with clove oil (Bressler, Ron, 2004;Weber et al, 2011) and increased hematocrit and disturbances of hydromineral balance with A. triphylla EO (Gressler et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These natural EOs have been proven effective for sedation and anesthesia of fish with advantages over synthetic alternatives, e.g., lower cost and higher security (Silva et al, 2013b;Tondolo et al, 2013). However, natural products may also trigger some stressful effects and induce physiological changes (Benovit et al, 2012;Gressler et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential oils of Cunila galioides and Origanum majorana as anesthetics for Rhamdia quelen: efficacy and effects on ventilation and ionoregulation

et al. 2017

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This study evaluated anesthetic efficacy and possible effects of the essential oils (EOs) of Cunila galioides (EOC) and Origanum majorana (EOO) on ventilatory rate (VR) and ionoregulation in Rhamdia quelen. In the anesthesia assessments, 50, 100, 200 and 300 μL L -1 EOC and 50, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 μL L -1 EOO were tested, and time for induction to sedation and anesthesia stages, as well as recovery, were taken. A second trial employed lower concentrations of both EOs, 10, 25, 50 and 100 μL L . There was no significant difference between control and EO-treated groups regarding VR, but all fish subjected to 100 µL L -1 EOC died within 2 h of exposure. Overall, ionic loss declined in the presence of the EOs. The EOC at 200 -300 μL L -1 and EOO at 400 -500 μL L -1 present the potential to promote fast anesthesia in R. quelen.

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Anesthesia and Transport of Brazilian Flounder, Paralichthys orbignyanus, with Essential Oils of Aloysia gratissima and Ocimum gratissimum

Cited by 61 publications

References 22 publications

Basil, tea tree and clove essential oils as analgesics and anaesthetics in Amphiprion clarkii (Bennett, 1830)

Basil, tea tree and clove essential oils as analgesics and anaesthetics in Amphiprion clarkii (Bennett, 1830)

Effects of anesthesia with the essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum L. in parameters of fish stress

Essential oils of Cunila galioides and Origanum majorana as anesthetics for Rhamdia quelen: efficacy and effects on ventilation and ionoregulation

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