Androgenetic ability in euplasmic lines of common wheat and alloplasmic recombinant lines (H. vulgare)–T. aestivum carrying 1RS.1BL and 7DL-7Ai translocations and development of double haploid lines

Abstract

Androgenic ability was studied in anther cultures of euplasmic lines of common wheat and allo plasmic recombinant lines (H. vulgare)-T. aestivum with 1RS.1BL and 7DL 7Ai translocations. The ability to produce androgenic structures and plantlet regeneration are suppressed in lines carrying both transloca tions. Alloplasmic recombinant lines (H. vulgare)-T. aestivum with the 1RS.1BL and 7DL 7Ai transloca tions, as well as alloplasmic lines with the 1RS.1BL translocation, are characterized by their increased ability to form androgenic structures, including polyembryos, and plantlet regeneration compared to euplasmic lines. The inducing reciprocal influence of barley cytoplasm and rye chromosome 1RS on the androgenesis abil ity of lines (H. vulgare)-T. aestivum with 1RS.1BL and 7DL 7Ai translocations is discussed. Double haploid lines were developed from androgenic plants with spontaneously doubled chromosome numbers and restored fertility. Of the lines carrying the translocations, the most promising with regard to the exhibition of agronomic valuable traits and resistance to diseases were selected in order to utilize them in breeding programs.

Study of Androgenic Plant Families of Alloplasmic Introgression Lines (H. vulgare) –T. aestivum and the Use of Sister DH Lines in Breeding

“…The highest values of the three studied indicators of androgenesis were in the alloplasmic line L-311(4), carrier of translocation 1RS.1BL. These results were consistent with our previously obtained data in a study of androgenesis of other lines isolated from varieties Omskaya 37 and Omskaya 38 and the hybrid population L-311/00-22 in anther culture [48,53]. The high androgenesis rates in the L-311(4) line can be explained by the presence of the 1RS.1BL translocation.…”

“…Earlier in our work, we noted that in the anther cultures of some wheat genotypes, clusters (families) of regenerants developed along with single regenerants [48]. However, it was unclear whether the formation of regenerant families occurs only in certain genotypes of bread wheat or is typical for many of them.…”

“…Restrictions in the production of DH lines by anther and microspore cultures are associated with gametoclonal variation, particularly for plants that have regenerated from gametic cells under in vitro conditions. Typical manifestations of gametoclonal variation associated with deletions in the chloroplast genome are the development of albinism [47] and changes in the number of chromosomes and their structure [41,48]. However, spontaneous doubling of the number of chromosomes in regenerants leads to the restoration of fertility, which excludes their treatment with colchicine [48].…”

Comparison of the Androgenic Response of Spring and Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

“…Apart from that, a spontaneous or induced doubling of the haploid genome results in full homozygosity of regenerated plants [3]. For 2 of 12 this reason, haploids are particularly desirable for genetic, molecular and biochemical studies, as well as for breeding [4,5].…”

“…It is difficult to develop an efficient method of regeneration of plants in anther cultures because there are a lot of factors influencing the efficiency of androgenetic induction [9]. The success in the regeneration of doubled haploids mostly depends on the genotype of donor plants [5]. It is also determined by their environment, the type and duration of exposure to stress, the culturing conditions-especially the kind of induction medium-the content of hormones in it and the interaction between these factors [10,11].…”