Anatomy and clinical applications of the mandibular nerve

Abstract

Abstract:A thorough anatomical knowledge is very essential for clinical practice and any surgical procedure. Unfortunately anatomical variations can lead to hazards in medical and dental diagnosis and treatment. Such knowledge is very essential even in effective local anesthesia which is an essential part of treatment in patients with many oral disorders. Therefore a normal anatomy and its possible variations are utmost important aspects also in dentistry. One of the structures that dentists very often deal with is the mandibular nerve which therefore needs a thorough review. However, there are not many consolidated literature reviews available regarding its variations and clinical applications. Keeping this in mind, in this article, the authors have brought together available literature on various aspects of mandibular nerve. The fi nal review will be of benefi t to clinicians (Fig. 2 A thorough anatomical knowledge is very essential for clinical practice and any surgical procedure. The idea of exact location of various structures in the body prepares the clinician for a better approach in diagnosis and intervention. Unfortunately, the anatomical variations can lead to hazards in medical and dental diagnosis and treatment. Such knowledge is very essential even in effective local anesthesia which is an essential part of treatment in patients with many oral disorders. Therefore a normal anatomy and its possible variations are utmost important aspects also in dentistry. One of the structures that dentists very often deal with is the mandibular nerve which therefore needs a thorough review. However, there are not many consolidated literature reviews available regarding its variations and clinical applications. Keeping this in mind, in this article, the authors have brought together literature available on various aspects of mandibular nerve. The fi nal review will be of benefi t to clinicians.The mandibular nerve, largest division of trigeminal nerve, supplies the mandibular teeth and gums, mucosa of the anterior two thirds of the tongue, fl oor of the oral cavity, skin of the temporal region, part of the auricle and external acoustic meatus including the tympanum, lower lip, and lower and posterior parts of the face. Developmentally, it is the post-trematic nerve of the fi rst pharyngeal arch and therefore contains the motor fi bers to the muscles developed from the fi rst pharyngeal arch. It is a mixed nerve formed by the union of a large sensory root, branch of the lower part of the trigeminal ganglion and a smaller motor root from the pons which courses under the trigeminal ganglion. Both roots exit through the foramen ovale and unite just outside the foramen to form the trunk of the mandibular nerve which descends between the tensor veli palatini and lateral pterygoid muscles, gives off a meningeal branch and the nerve to medial pterygoid branch and ends by dividing into a smaller, mostly motor anterior branch and a larger, mostly sensory posterior branch. It contains about 78,000 myelinated fi bers. The nerve...

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“…The target site is located 1.5mm above the mandibular occlusal plane. The needle is penetrated at a point between the pterygomandibular raphae and deep temporalis till it hits the bone approximately at 25mm [13] . 1.5ml solution is deposited after aspiration, and the needle Vol.13; Issue: 1; January 2023 is advanced back to find the lingual nerve where the remaining solution is deposited.…”

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