Anatomical Relationship Between the Kidney Collecting System and the Intrarenal Arteries in the Sheep: Contribution for a New Urological Model

Abstract

Previous studies have demonstrated that the pig collecting system heals after partial nephrectomy without closure. Recently, a study in sheep showed that partial nephrectomy without closure of the collecting system resulted in urinary leakage and urinoma. The aim of this study was to present detailed anatomical findings on the intrarenal anatomy of the sheep. Forty two kidneys were used to produce tridimensional endocasts of the collecting system together with the intrarenal arteries. A renal pelvis which displayed 11-19 (mean of 16) renal recesses was present. There were no calices present. The renal artery was singular in each kidney and gave two primary branches one to the dorsal surface and one to ventral surface. Dorsal and ventral branches of the renal artery were classified based on the relationship between their branching pattern and the collecting system as: type I (cranial and caudal segmental arteries), type II (cranial, middle and caudal segmental arteries) or type III (cranial, cranial middle, caudal middle, and caudal segmental arteries). Type I was the most common branching pattern for the dorsal and ventral branches of the renal artery. The arterial supply of the caudal pole of the sheep kidney supports its use as an experimental model due to the similarity to the human kidney. However, the lack of a retropelvic artery discourages the use of the cranial pole in experiments in which the arteries are an important aspect to be considered. Anat Rec, 299:405-411, 2016. V C 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Does a Ureteral Obstruction Affect the Contralateral Kidney Morphology? A Stereological Analysis in a Rodent Model

“…Although this effectively restores the urine flow, it is still quite different from the normal treatment of UO in most clinical settings. Future studies using pigs or sheep, which have proven to be effective animal models for investigating the upper urinary tract [36-38], are warranted.…”

Histology of 24 organs from Asian elephant calves (Elephas maximus)

“…Intrarenal vessels demonstrated no anastomoses between lobar, interlobular or intralobular arteries, similar to the dog ( Arnautovic, 1959 ), sheep ( Buys-Gonçalves et al, 2016 ) and camel ( Jain & Gupta, 2000 ). In both Asian and African adult elephants, the glomerular diameter as a function of adult body mass is larger than in other mammalian species, such as the killer whale ( Orcinus orca ), human ( Homo sapiens sapiens ), horse ( Equus ferus caballus) , hippopotamus ( Hippopotamus amphibius ), giraffe (Giraffidae spp.)…”

Anatomical background of ovine kidney for use as animal model: analysis of arterial segmentation, proportional volume of each segment and arterial injury after cranial pole partial nephrectomy

“…The study of renal endocasts, obtained from resin injection and corrosion, is traditionally used for anatomical investigations (3,10). The major disadvantages of this method are that the whole organ needs to be extracted and corroded.…”

“…Since it was showed that the ovine kidney heals after partial nephrectomies in a more similar way of what is observed in humans, sheep became to be considered as animal models for renal studies ( 9 ). The intrarenal anatomy ( 10 ) and histological aspects of ovine kidney ( 11 ) were described, depicting similarities and differences in comparison to the human kidney. However, deeper investigation was not performed yet.…”