Anatomical Characteristics of Korean Phyllostachys pubescens by Age

et al. 2022

The anatomical characteristics in the culms of the four promising Indonesian bamboo species, including Dendrocalamus asper, Dendrocalamus giganteus, Bambusa vulgaris var. vulgaris, and Bambusa vulgaris var. striata, were investigated to produce an identification key and quality indices for further effective utilization. The crystalline properties of the bamboo culm were determined using X-ray diffraction analysis. Dendrocalamus asper and Bambusa vulgaris var. striata showed vascular bundle type IV, while Dendrocalamus giganteus and Bambusa vulgaris var. vulgaris displayed vascular bundle type III. The vascular bundle density in the bamboo culms increased from the bottom to the top part and was higher in the outer part than in the inner part. The fiber portion and length in the outer part were higher than those in the inner part, opposite of those in the parenchyma portion. Dendrocalamus giganteus had the largest vessel and parenchyma diameter, while Bambusa vulgaris var. vulgaris had the smallest. Bambusa vulgaris var. vulgaris had the longest parenchyma, while Bambusa vulgaris var. striata and Dendrocalamus giganteus had the shortest. The outer part of the four bamboo culms showed higher relative crystallinity than the inner part. All anatomical parameters, except for crystallite width, showed a variation in the radial direction of the four bamboo culms but did not show a consistent tendency vertically. This study revealed that the anatomical properties were different between bamboo species and could be used for species identification and quality evaluation indices of the culms.

Section: Characteristics Of the Vascular Bundlementioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical characteristics for identification and quality indices of four promising commercial bamboo species in Java, Indonesia

Maulana

Jeon²,

et al. 2022

“…Huang et al (2015) reported a significant decrease in the vascular bundle frequency of Bambusa rigida from the outer zone to the inner zone. Additionally, the vascular bundle density of P. pubescens, G. pruriens, Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea, Gigantochloa apus, and Gigantochloa atroviolacea was higher in the outer part than inner part (Jeon et al 2018b;Darwis et al 2020;Maulana et al 2021).…”

Section: Vascular Bundle Densitymentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The authors reported that the tangential surfaces of P. pubescens, P. nigra, and P. bambusoides had anatomical characteristics that were similar to those of the radial surface. Markedly, the radial and tangential surfaces of P. pubescens showed a small and circular shape for the parenchyma cells (Jeon et al 2018b). Grosser and Liese (1971) also reported that elongated and almost cube-like parenchyma cell shapes were mainly observed on the radial surface of 52 bamboo species.…”

Section: Cell Structure and Arrangement On The Three Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the relative crystallinity and crystal width of P. bambusoides were the highest among the three species. Jeon et al (2018b) reported significant differences in the qualitative and quantitative anatomical characteristics between moso bamboo samples that were 1-year-old and 2-year-old, or older. They confirmed that the size of the vascular bundle sheath, fiber length, and relative crystallinity had the lowest values in 1-year-old bamboo, and the quantitative anatomical characteristics between 2-year-old and 5-year-old bamboo were not significantly different.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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A comparative study on anatomical characteristics of the mutations of Phyllostachys bambusoides: Ssanggol- and min-bamboo

Yang

Kim

et al. 2023

The anatomical characteristics of the culms and culm bases of ssanggol- and min-bamboo, which are mutated species of Phyllostachys bambusoides, were investigated using optical microscopy to understand the material properties. The vascular bundles in the culms and culm bases of both species were type I. There were a few abnormal vascular bundles in the culm base of ssanggol-bamboo, and more developed fiber bundles in the inner part of min-bamboo. A wavy surface was observed in the pith cavity of the ssanggol-bamboo culms. In the inner part, the vascular bundles of min-bamboo culms showed a regular diagonal arrangement, whereas those of ssanggol-bamboo were distributed randomly. In the culm base, ssanggol-bamboo had a significantly higher proportion of parenchyma and vessels, whereas min-bamboo had a higher fiber proportion. Both species had comparable proportions of cells in their culms. The vascular bundle density of min-bamboo was significantly higher than that of ssanggol-bamboo, whereas ssanggol-bamboo showed a significantly larger vessel diameter than min-bamboo. Ssanggol-bamboo had a shorter parenchyma cell length and larger parenchyma cell width than min-bamboo, whereas the min-bamboo culm showed a longer fiber length than that of ssanggol-bamboo. Furthermore, in the culm base, the fibers of ssanggol-bamboo were longer.

“…Bamboo is eco-friendly material that can be considered as alternative for wood as an energy source. Compared with wood, it has various advantages, including rapid growth, short rotation age, and high tensile strength (Febrianto et al 2015;Jeon et al 2018aJeon et al , 2018b. Bamboo is widely distributed worldwide in the range of 51° N to 47° S, including in Asia, the Atlantic and Pacific countries, Africa, the South of the United States, and Central and South America.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proximate analysis of bamboo culm and wood carbonized at low temperatures: A comparative study

Yang

Kim

et al. 2023

To obtain basic data for further use of bamboo culms and wood as eco-friendly bioenergy resources, the proximate analysis of Dendrocalamus giganteus, D. asper, Bambusa vulgaris, Gigantochloa apus, Phyllostachys pubescens, Pinus densiflora, and Quercus variabilis carbonized at 200 to 320 °C at 40 °C intervals was undertaken. Proximate analysis of moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, and fixed carbon content was performed according to JIS M 8812 (2004) with 60-mesh carbonized powder. Carbonized bamboo showed higher ash and volatile content than carbonized wood, whereas carbonized wood had a higher fixed carbon content than carbonized bamboo. At all temperatures, giant bamboo had the highest ash content. In bamboo and wood, the ash and fixed carbon contents increased with increasing carbonization temperature, whereas the volatile substances decreased.