Analytical investigation of chromium and zinc in sweet, sour and bitter tasting fruits, vegetables and medicinal plants

Tirmizi, Syed Ahmed; Wattoo, Muhammad Hamid Sarwar; Mazhar, Muhammad; Wattoo, Feroza Hamid; Memon, Aisha; Iqbal, Javed

doi:10.1590/s0100-40422007000700014

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The highest level of total Cr were found in muskmelon, brinjal and mango (range 1.04-1.07 mg/kg) while the lowest levels were found in potato and garlic (0.15 mg/kg) in 20 samples of fruits and vegetables purchased from local markets of Karachi, Pakistan (Parveen et al, 2003). Levels of chromium determined in several sweet, sour and bitter tasting fruits, vegetables and medicinal plants purchased from the Pakistan local markets ranged from 0.02 in white sugar (refined) to 2.20 mg/kg in banana (mean of 0.69 mg/kg; n = 25), from 1.50 in Tamarind (Imli) to 62.3 mg/kg in Sour mango powder (Aamchoor) (mean of 22.5 mg/kg; n = 13) and 0.17 in salt blush root (tooth brush tree) to 1.56 mg/kg in Gurmar buti (mean of 0.61 mg/kg; n = 21), respectively (Tirmizi et al, 2007).…”

Section: Total Chromium In Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the risks to public health related to the presence of chromium in food and drinking water

2014

EFS2

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EFSA received a request from the Hellenic Food Authority for a scientific opinion on estimation of the risk to human health from the presence of chromium (Cr) in food, particularly in vegetables, and Cr(VI) in bottled water. The CONTAM Panel derived a TDI of 0.3 mg/kg b.w. per day for Cr(III) from the lowest NOAEL identified in an NTP chronic oral toxicity study in rats. Under the assumption that all chromium in food is Cr(III), the mean and 95th percentile dietary exposure across all age groups were well below the TDI and therefore does not raise concerns for public health. In the case of drinking water, the Panel considered all chromium in water as Cr(VI). For non‐neoplastic effects the lowest BMDL10 for diffuse epithelial hyperplasia of duodenum in female mice and the lowest BMDL05 for haematotoxicity in male rats in a 2‐year NTP study were selected as reference points. The MOEs indicate that for non‐neoplastic effects the current exposure levels to Cr(VI) via drinking water are of no concern for public health. For neoplastic effects, the CONTAM Panel selected a lowest BMDL10 for combined adenomas and carcinomas of the mouse small intestine as the reference point. Overall, the calculated MOEs indicate low concern regarding Cr(VI) intake via drinking water (water intended for human consumption and natural mineral waters) for all age groups when considering the mean chronic exposure values with the exception of infants at the upper bound (UB) exposure estimates. MOEs below 10 000 were calculated at the UB 95th percentile exposure estimates, particularly for ‘Infants’, ‘Toddlers’ and ‘Other children’, which were highly influenced by the relatively high occurrence values under the UB assumption. To improve the risk assessment, there is a need for data on the content of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in food and drinking water.

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Section: Total Chromium In Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the risks to public health related to the presence of chromium in food and drinking water

2014

EFS2

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“…Tirmizi et al screened it as a potential source of chromium and zinc [ 21 ]. Whereas, Momordica dioica (peeled) contained 0.27 mg/kg of chromium and 4.91 mg/kg of zinc, Momordica dioica (unpeeled) contained 0.26 mg/kg of chromium and 11.0 mg/kg of zinc.…”

Section: Phytochemical and Nutrient Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical, Phytotherapeutical and Pharmacological Study of Momordica dioica

Talukdar

Hossain

2014

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Momordica dioica is a perennial, dioecious, cucurbitaceous climbing creeper (commonly known as kakrol, spiny gourd or teasle gourd). It is native to Asia with extensive distribution in India and Bangladesh. It is used not only as preventive and curative agent for various diseases but also as vegetable with a significant nutritional value over thousands of years. This review aims to take an attempt to evaluate the phytochemical, ethnobotanical, phytotherapeutical and pharmacological properties of kakrol according to the view of traditional medicinal plant based treatment including ayurveda along with recent scientific observations. Kakrol is considered as an underutilized vegetable, although having significant presence of certain compounds containing higher nutritional value than many frequently consumed vegetables. Moreover, as a traditional medicinal plant, it is still potential for its phytochemical components that increase the demand of further extensive evaluation to justify its other therapeutical roles. Therefore, this effort will be helpful to researchers who interested to disclose the unjustified phytotherapeutical role of Momordica dioica.

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“…Excessive intake of copper can cause abdominal pain and cramps, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, and liver damage. In addition, some experts believe that elevated copper levels, especially when zinc levels are also low, may be a contributing factor in many medical conditions including schizophrenia, hypertension, stuttering, autism, fatigue, muscle and joint pain, headaches, childhood hyperactivity, depression, insomnia, senility, and premenstrual syndrome (Tirmizi et al 2007;Makhmudova et al 1989).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of various grains from the different cities of Pakistan

Rehman

Shah

Younis

et al. 2010

Environ Monit Assess

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The fate of trace elements (like Ca, Fe, Al, Pb, K, and Cu) in various pulses (mash, mung, lentils and red kidney beans) of Pakistan has been studied. Samples were collected from two districts (Mansehra and Rawalpindi) and analyzed by wet acid digestion method using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Experimental results show that the intensity of heavy metal accumulation in plants depends upon the type of the soil, the species of plants, the physicochemical properties of heavy metals, and their content in the soil. The obtained values were compared with the World Health Organization (WHO) standards for food quality. The grains from District Mansehra contained greater amount of trace metals as compared to those collected from District Rawalpindi. However, those values did not exceed the upper limits described by the WHO in nearly all the cases. Based on these findings, the consumption of pulses in larger amounts may easily be recommended.

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Analytical investigation of chromium and zinc in sweet, sour and bitter tasting fruits, vegetables and medicinal plants

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Scientific Opinion on the risks to public health related to the presence of chromium in food and drinking water

Scientific Opinion on the risks to public health related to the presence of chromium in food and drinking water

Phytochemical, Phytotherapeutical and Pharmacological Study of Momordica dioica

A comparative study of various grains from the different cities of Pakistan

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