Analytical characterization of mannosylerythritol lipid biosurfactants produced by biosynthesis based on feedstock sources from the agrofood industry

Abstract

Mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs) are currently one of the most promising biosurfactants because of their multifunctional applications and good biodegradability. Depending on the yeast strain and the feedstock used for the fermentation process, structural variations in the MELs obtained occur. Therefore, MELs produced by Pseudozyma aphidis DSMZ 70725 with a soybean oil feedstock were characterized by chromatography and mass spectrometry (MS). Column chromatography with silica provided fractionation of the different types of MEL. High-performance liquid chromatography combined with MS was employed for the analysis of the MEL fractions and crude mixtures. A characteristic MS pattern for the MELs was obtained and indications of the presence of new MEL homologues, showing the incorporation of longer and more unsaturated fatty acid chains than previously reported, were given. Gas chromatography-MS analysis confirmed the presence of such unsaturated fatty acid chains in the MELs, demonstrating the incorporation of fatty acids with lengths ranging from C(8) to C(14) and with up to two unsaturations per chain. The incorporation of C(16) and C(18) fatty acid chains requires further investigation. MS/MS data allowed the unambiguous identification of the fatty acids present in the MELs. The product ion spectra also revealed the presence of a new isomeric class of MELs, bearing an acetyl group on the erythritol moiety.

Production and characterization of a new glycolipid, mannosylerythritol lipid, from waste cooking oil biotransformation by Pseudozyma aphidis ZJUDM34

“…The oven temperature was programmed from 100°C to 300°C within 5 min. A scan range of 30–550 u was applied, using a source temperature of 250°C (Onghena et al, ).…”

Efficient production of tri-acetylated mono-acylated mannosylerythritol lipids bySporisoriumsp. aff.sorghiSAM20

“…The GL‐A molecules were detected as adducts with ammonia, [M + NH 4 ] + , according to those reported by Onghena et al . () and Goossens et al . ().…”

Production and Characterization of a Biosurfactant fromCyberlindnera samutprakarnensisJP52T

“…10) Positive fractions with high oil displacement activity were further analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) to identify the glycolipid type in terms of a sophorolipid, mannosyl erythritol lipid, or rhamnolipid, as reported previously. 9,20,21) MALDI-TOF-MS analysis was performed at the Equipment Management Center, Creative Research Institution, Hokkaido University, as previously described 11,21) on Voyager-DE STR-H operating in linear mode with positive ion detection (Bruker Daltonics, Billerica, MA). Samples were suspended in acetonitrile to 100 mg/mL, and then 0.5 mL was mixed with 5 mL of the matrix (2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid at 10 mg/mL in 50% acetonitrile) and allowed to dry in 100-well plates at room temperature prior to analysis.…”