Analysis of transgene(s) (psy+crtI) inheritance and its stability over generations in the genetic background of indica rice cultivar Swarna

Chikkappa, G. K.; Tyagi, Nidhi; Venkatesh, Kuncham; Ashish, M.; Prabhu, K. V.; Mohapatra, Trilochan; Singh, Ashutosh

doi:10.1007/s13562-010-0021-6

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The genetically modified construction is not always transferred reliably from the original genetically modified rice plant to the next generation [27]. Experts point out that the cross-breeding of plants results in a higher number of genes altering activity, whereas it does not occur in transgenesis (see, for example, [28], [29]). Changes in the activity of genes are widespread in the processes of plant breeding.…”

Section: Issues With Cross-fertilization and Unintended Changes In Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holistic Approach to The Environment and GMOs – The Case of Golden Rice

Kelam¹

2019

Global Bioethics Enquiry Journal

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This paper aims to point out the fundamental differences between supporters and opponents of genetic modification technology by using a brief analysis of the development and controversy that surrounds the genetically modified golden rice. Supporters present golden rice like a typical example of the benefits of genetic modification technology and, at the same time, accuse opponents of delaying commercial planting. Opponents from the very beginning point to the problem of golden rice as a partial quick fix of vitamin A deficiency, whereby the complexity of the problem of vitamin A deficiency in the diet of the population of underdeveloped countries is ignored. Today, 19 years after the presentation of golden rice in the media, this technology is still not ready for commercial use, not because of opposition by Greenpeace and other opponents, but because of the elementary fact that introducing genetically modified plants into a living environment is a challenge that science cannot yet adequately respond. In this paper on the golden rice example, we will point out the importance of the holistic approach to the environment taking in a count the complexity and unpredictability of introducing new biotechnological inventions into the environment

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Section: Issues With Cross-fertilization and Unintended Changes In Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holistic Approach to The Environment and GMOs – The Case of Golden Rice

Kelam¹

2019

Global Bioethics Enquiry Journal

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“…However, the last century has witnessed considerable genetic erosion leading to genetic bottlenecks in crop breeding. Newer approaches supported by high throughput sequencing, genotyping, analyzing population structure and marker-assisted breeding have helped improving breeding efficiency (Nandakumar et al 2004;Chikkappa et al 2011). However, these approaches fail to recognize the contribution of epigenetics to genetic diversity and crop breeding.…”

Section: Will Epigenetics Help In Developing Climateresilient Crops?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ever since the domestication of plants, considerable progress has been made in agriculture due to human behavioral changes from food gathering to farming. Domestication followed by selection of plants with desirable traits, breeding varieties for higher yield, tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses, better quality and nutrition (Singh et al 2002;Nandakumar et al 2008;Parida et al 2009;Marathi et al 2012) and the technological advancements (Nandakumar et al 2004;Kumar et al 2006;Chikkappa et al 2011;Kumar 2014) for generating better agricultural inputs enabled more than four times increase in food grain production in India from 50 million tons in 1950 to 273 million tons in 2016 (Kulkarni 2017). While plant breeding aims at developing newer crop varieties with wider adaptation to the changing climatic condition, understanding the adaptation process in plants to the changing environmental conditions is also an interesting phenomenon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetics: History, present status and future perspective

Kumar¹,

Singh²,

Mohapatra³

2017

Ind. Jrnl. Gen. Plnt. Bree.

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Epigenetics refers to the heritable changes in the pattern of gene expression resulting from the modification of DNA bases, histone proteins and/or non-coding-RNA biogenesis without altering the underlying nucleotide sequence. Genome-wide epigenetic variations are being reported which are often associated with variation in gene expression. Many of these changes occur during developmental processes and stress exposures. Both, the level of gene expression and the epigenetic changes may relapse to the pre-stress state shortly after removal of the stress. One of the common mechanisms involved in epigenetic changes is methylation of 5 th carbon by the action of the enzyme DNA methyltransferase. In addition, histone proteins are post-translationally modified which may affect transcription, DNA replication, chromosome segregation/condensation, and/or DNA repair process. Small-RNA (particularly small-interfering RNAs) play a crucial role in DNA methylation via RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) pathway. The epigenetic changes in plants induced by aforesaid processes can be inherited over the generations in the form of epialleles. Epigenetic change in genes caused by DNA methylation and/or histone modifications during plant development often results in phenotypic changes. It is becoming increasingly evident, that epigenetic changes have important roles to play in acclimatization, stress tolerance, adaptation, and evolution processes. With the growing reports on epigenetic changes affecting gene expression, it would be worth investigating the epigenetic machinery of gene regulation in plants, and their possible utilization in crop improvement. This review focuses on the historical development and basics of epigenetics followed by the present status and future prospects in crop improvement.

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“…A comparative study on the performance of transgenic lines and corresponding wild type and the near-isogenic lines (NILs) carrying transgenes developed through backcross breeding with recurrent parent, is crucial to see if there is any unintended effect of transgene insertion/introgression. Here, we report the morpho-molecular characterization of NILs of Swarna, which were developed using Kaybonnet-GR2-R1 event, containing transgene on chromosome 1 at physical location 38.75Mb [10]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and Functional Characterization of GR2-R1 Event Based Backcross Derived Lines of Golden Rice in the Genetic Background of a Mega Rice Variety Swarna

et al. 2017

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Homozygous Golden Rice lines developed in the background of Swarna through marker assisted backcross breeding (MABB) using transgenic GR2-R1 event as a donor for the provitamin A trait have high levels of provitamin A (up to 20 ppm) but are dwarf with pale green leaves and drastically reduced panicle size, grain number and yield as compared to the recurrent parent, Swarna. In this study, we carried out detailed morphological, biochemical and molecular characterization of these lines in a quest to identify the probable reasons for their abnormal phenotype. Nucleotide blast analysis with the primer sequences used to amplify the transgene revealed that the integration of transgene disrupted the native OsAux1 gene, which codes for an auxin transmembrane transporter protein. Real time expression analysis of the transgenes (ZmPsy and CrtI) driven by endosperm-specific promoter revealed the leaky expression of the transgene in the vegetative tissues. We propose that the disruption of OsAux1 disturbed the fine balance of plant growth regulators viz., auxins, gibberellic acid and abscisic acid, leading to the abnormalities in the growth and development of the lines homozygous for the transgene. The study demonstrates the conserved roles of OsAux1 gene in rice and Arabidopsis.

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Analysis of transgene(s) (psy+crtI) inheritance and its stability over generations in the genetic background of indica rice cultivar Swarna

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Holistic Approach to The Environment and GMOs – The Case of Golden Rice

Holistic Approach to The Environment and GMOs – The Case of Golden Rice

Epigenetics: History, present status and future perspective

Molecular and Functional Characterization of GR2-R1 Event Based Backcross Derived Lines of Golden Rice in the Genetic Background of a Mega Rice Variety Swarna

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