Analysis of the workers head transcriptome of the Asian subterranean termite, <i>Coptotermes gestroi</i>

Leonardo, Flávia C.; Cunha, Anderson Ferreira da; Silva, M.J. da; Carazzolle, Marcelo F.; Costa–Leonardo, Ana Maria; Costa, Fernando Ferreira; Pereira, Gonçalo Amarante Guimarães

doi:10.1017/s0007485310000556

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Potential cellulolytic enzymes were identified using this criteria, such as the match to probable β-glucosidase (GH3) from Dictyoglomus turgidum , two GH7 protein matches, one derived from Pleurotus sp . and another from the uncultivated symbiotic protist Hodotermopsis sjoestedti , as well matches to GH9, from Reticulitermes flavipes and C. formosanus , which are endogenous cellulases from termites [19,22-25]. Two protein matches with high confidence were assigned to CBM families 6 and 27, derived from Salinispora arenicola and Thermotoga sp ., respectively (Additional File 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Functional characterization and target discovery of glycoside hydrolases from the digestome of the lower termite Coptotermes gestroi

Cairo

Leonardo

Alvarez

et al. 2011

Biotechnol Biofuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundLignocellulosic materials have been moved towards the forefront of the biofuel industry as a sustainable resource. However, saccharification and the production of bioproducts derived from plant cell wall biomass are complex and lengthy processes. The understanding of termite gut biology and feeding strategies may improve the current state of biomass conversion technology and bioproduct production.ResultsThe study herein shows comprehensive functional characterization of crude body extracts from Coptotermes gestroi along with global proteomic analysis of the termite's digestome, targeting the identification of glycoside hydrolases and accessory proteins responsible for plant biomass conversion. The crude protein extract from C. gestroi was enzymatically efficient over a broad pH range on a series of natural polysaccharides, formed by glucose-, xylose-, mannan- and/or arabinose-containing polymers, linked by various types of glycosidic bonds, as well as ramification types. Our proteomic approach successfully identified a large number of relevant polypeptides in the C. gestroi digestome. A total of 55 different proteins were identified and classified into 29 CAZy families. Based on the total number of peptides identified, the majority of components found in the C. gestroi digestome were cellulose-degrading enzymes. Xylanolytic enzymes, mannan- hydrolytic enzymes, pectinases and starch-degrading and debranching enzymes were also identified. Our strategy enabled validation of liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry recognized proteins, by enzymatic functional assays and by following the degradation products of specific 8-amino-1,3,6-pyrenetrisulfonic acid labeled oligosaccharides through capillary zone electrophoresis.ConclusionsHere we describe the first global study on the enzymatic repertoire involved in plant polysaccharide degradation by the lower termite C. gestroi. The biochemical characterization of whole body termite extracts evidenced their ability to cleave all types of glycosidic bonds present in plant polysaccharides. The comprehensive proteomic analysis, revealed a complete collection of hydrolytic enzymes including cellulases (GH1, GH3, GH5, GH7, GH9 and CBM 6), hemicellulases (GH2, GH10, GH11, GH16, GH43 and CBM 27) and pectinases (GH28 and GH29).

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Gene expression patterns related to social cast differentiation, metabolic pathways and cellulose degrading enzymes, such as endo-β-1,4-glucosidase and β-1,4-glucosidase, were identified by transcriptome analysis from its head [19]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional characterization and target discovery of glycoside hydrolases from the digestome of the lower termite Coptotermes gestroi

Cairo

Leonardo

Alvarez

et al. 2011

Biotechnol Biofuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Caste-regulatory primer pheromones and the social environment have also been studied in the same context ( Tarver et al, 2010 ; Sen et al, 2013 ). Other studies have included tissue-directed subtractive hybridizations, random/ de novo cDNA library sequencing and/or cDNA oligonucleotide microarrays to reveal caste-biased gene expression ( Weil et al, 2009 ; Ishikawa et al, 2010 ; Leonardo et al, 2011 ; Hojo et al, 2012 ; Huang et al, 2012 ; Husseneder et al, 2012 ; Terrapon et al, 2014 ). The over-arching themes emerging from this work include caste and morphogenesis-associated gene expression, endocrine signaling, vitellogenesis, reproduction-related processes, and regulatory mechanisms that maintain juvenile worker states in lower termites.…”

Section: Omic Studies In Termites: What Has Been Revealed? mentioning

confidence: 99%

Omic research in termites: an overview and a roadmap

Scharf

2015

Front. Genet.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Many recent breakthroughs in our understanding of termite biology have been facilitated by “omics” research. Omic science seeks to collectively catalog, quantify, and characterize pools of biological molecules that translate into structure, function, and life processes of an organism. Biological molecules in this context include genomic DNA, messenger RNA, proteins, and other biochemicals. Other permutations of omics that apply to termites include sociogenomics, which seeks to define social life in molecular terms (e.g., behavior, sociality, physiology, symbiosis, etc.) and digestomics, which seeks to define the collective pool of host and symbiont genes that collaborate to achieve high-efficiency lignocellulose digestion in the termite gut. This review covers a wide spectrum of termite omic studies from the past 15 years. Topics covered include a summary of terminology, the various kinds of omic efforts that have been undertaken, what has been revealed, and to a degree, what the results mean. Although recent omic efforts have contributed to a better understanding of many facets of termite and symbiont biology, and have created important new resources for many species, significant knowledge gaps still remain. Crossing these gaps can best be done by applying new omic resources within multi-dimensional (i.e., functional, translational, and applied) research programs.

show abstract

“…C. gestroi has protists and bacteria in its hindgut and it is capable to produce several carbohydrate-active enzymes, however, the occurrences of these enzymes were only reported throughout biochemical assays and proteomic data (Franco Cairo et al, 2011 ; Lucena et al, 2011 ). Moreover, CAZy genes in this termite specie were only described for endogenous endo-glucanase ( Cg EG1-GH9) and β-glucosidase ( Cg BG1-GH1) (Leonardo et al, 2011 ; Franco Cairo et al, 2013 ). Recently, a metagenomic approach in C. gestroi 's gut provided only insights in the CAZy gene repertoire for the free-living bacteria (Do et al, 2014 ), thus, the metatranscriptomic and the metaproteomic profile of CAZy and PAD enzymes endogenously synthesized by C. gestroi as well as by their symbiotic protists remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expanding the Knowledge on Lignocellulolytic and Redox Enzymes of Worker and Soldier Castes from the Lower Termite Coptotermes gestroi

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Termites are considered one of the most efficient decomposers of lignocelluloses on Earth due to their ability to produce, along with its microbial symbionts, a repertoire of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes). Recently, a set of Pro-oxidant, Antioxidant, and Detoxification enzymes (PAD) were also correlated with the metabolism of carbohydrates and lignin in termites. The lower termite Coptotermes gestroi is considered the main urban pest in Brazil, causing damage to wood constructions. Recently, analysis of the enzymatic repertoire of C. gestroi unveiled the presence of different CAZymes. Because the gene profile of CAZy/PAD enzymes endogenously synthesized by C. gestroi and also by their symbiotic protists remains unclear, the aim of this study was to explore the eukaryotic repertoire of these enzymes in worker and soldier castes of C. gestroi. Our findings showed that worker and soldier castes present similar repertoires of CAZy/PAD enzymes, and also confirmed that endo-glucanases (GH9) and beta-glucosidases (GH1) were the most important glycoside hydrolase families related to lignocellulose degradation in both castes. Classical cellulases such as exo-glucanases (GH7) and endo-glucanases (GH5 and GH45), as well as classical xylanases (GH10 and GH11), were found in both castes only taxonomically related to protists, highlighting the importance of symbiosis in C. gestroi. Moreover, our analysis revealed the presence of Auxiliary Activity enzyme families (AAs), which could be related to lignin modifications in termite digestomes. In conclusion, this report expanded the knowledge on genes and proteins related to CAZy/PAD enzymes from worker and soldier castes of lower termites, revealing new potential enzyme candidates for second-generation biofuel processes.

show abstract

Analysis of the workers head transcriptome of the Asian subterranean termite, Coptotermes gestroi

Cited by 14 publications

References 36 publications

Functional characterization and target discovery of glycoside hydrolases from the digestome of the lower termite Coptotermes gestroi

Functional characterization and target discovery of glycoside hydrolases from the digestome of the lower termite Coptotermes gestroi

Omic research in termites: an overview and a roadmap

Expanding the Knowledge on Lignocellulolytic and Redox Enzymes of Worker and Soldier Castes from the Lower Termite Coptotermes gestroi

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About