Analysis of the prevalence of dyslipidemia in individuals with HIV and its association with antiretroviral therapy

Abstract

Introduction: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been used to treat large numbers of patients living with human immunodefi ciency virus (HIV) infection. Lipid disorders are often observed in these patients, and include elevations in total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG). Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using 333 patient records from the Regional Hospital of São José Doutor Homero de Miranda Gomes (HRSJHMG). The study population consisted of patients with HIV who were under medical follow up, either on or off drug treatment. The data were entered into Excel and exported to SPSS 16.0 for analysis using chi-square testing. We used prevalence ratios as the measure of association. Results: Lipid abnormalities were observed in 78.9% of individuals who received ART. Of the 308 subjects on ART, 59.1%, 41.9%, and 33.1% had TG, TC and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) abnormalities, respectively. The prevalence of LDL changes was 2.57-fold higher in individuals who had been using ART for more than 12 months, compared to those using ART for 6 to 12 months. Conclusions: HIV patients showed a signifi cant increase in the association between TC and TG levels and the use of ART. In particular, changes in TC, LDL and TG were greater in individuals who had received ART for over more than 12 months.

<p>Dyslipidemia and Associated Factors Among Adult Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in Armed Force Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia</p>

“…Many studies also reported a similar finding. 33,34 This positive association could be explained by the possible interaction of aging, HIV infectious process and the drug adverse outcome on lipid metabolism. 23 Moreover, the study also showed that lower odds of dyslipidemia were found among subjects who have attained a lower level of education (no formal education, primary and secondary education) compared to those who attained college and above.…”

“…28 The discrepancy is more likely due to gender-related exercise habits and biologic differences in males and females in handling ART adverse outcomes. 20 In addition, the consequence of the increased life expectancy of PLHIV results from the growing number of women living with HIV going through the physical as well as hormonal changes of the menopausal transition. Despite the viral suppression and immune recovery promoted by modern treatment, aging, together with prolonged exposure to antiretroviral drugs, may increase the risk of dyslipidemia in women.…”

“…According to the above guidelines, the range of abnormal waist to hip circumference ratio of male and female are ≥94 cm and ≥80 cm, respectively. 20 To improve the reliability of all anthropometric measurements, two readings were taken and the average of the two readings was recorded as the final measurement of the respondent. Calibration of SECA 704 weight meter, SECA 213 height meter, and SECA 200cm tape measure performed at the beginning of the day.…”

Prévalence, facteurs associés et prédisposant du syndrome métabolique chez les personnes vivants avec le VIH sous traitement antirétroviral à Porto-Novo en 2014

“…En effet, l'infection au VIH est fortement associée à des anomalies du métabolisme lipidique, notamment une hypercholestérolémie, une élévation des taux du VLDL et des triglycérides et une diminution du taux de cholestérol HDL. On assiste ainsi à une mauvaise répartition corporelle de la graisse et à l'insulinorésistance [ 4 ]. Ces différentes anomalies favorisent le syndrome métabolique.…”

Comparison of Prevalence of Dyslipidemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis among Newly Diagnosed HIV Reactive Patients and Those on ART

“…The results of the study were in correlation with studies conducted by Calza et al in 2009, [6] PNS et al in 2013, [7] V I et al in 2014, [8] , Bekolo et al in 2014, [9] Limas et al in 2014. [10] Previous reports have demonstrated that HIVinfected patients exhibit multiple abnormalities in lipid metabolism parameters both in pre-HAART and post-HAART eras, especially with the use of protease inhibitors (PIs). Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the dyslipidemia seen with both HIV infection and exposure to ART.…”