Analysis of the 3′UTR of the prostaglandin synthetase-2 (PTGS-2 / COX-2) gene in non-melanoma skin cancer after organ transplantation

Abstract

To define the potential involvement of polymorphisms in the 3¢untranslated region (3¢UTR) of the prostaglandin synthetase-2 (PTGS-2) gene to non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) predisposition after transplantation, we screened for genetic variant, relevant parts of this region. It contains binding sites for trans-acting factors, an alternative polyadenylation site and putative target sequences for miRNAs. Variant +8473T>C did not appear to play a functional role in the regulation of gene expression in human keratinocyte-transfected cells. In addition to the well-known +8473T>C, we identified four polymorphisms: +8293G>C, +10259T>G, +10267G>A and +10335G>A. No allele frequency differences were observed between cases and controls neither for +8473T>C nor for any of the identified polymorphisms, suggesting that polymorphisms in the 3¢UTR of the PTGS2 gene are rare and unlikely to represent risk factor for NMSC after transplantation.

Association between cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) 8473 T > C polymorphism and cancer risk: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis

“…In our included studies, 38,634 cases and 55,206 controls surveyed the association between COX-2 8473 T > C polymorphism and cancer risk. Among these publications, there were 12 colorectal cancer [ 22 – 31 ], 1 ampulla of vater (AV) cancer [ 32 ], 4 bladder cancer [ 33 – 36 ], 13 breast cancer [ 37 – 46 ], 2 cervical cancer [ 47 , 48 ], 1 endometrial cancer [ 49 ], 4 esophageal cancer [ 50 – 53 ], 1 extrahepatic bile duct (EHBD) cancer [ 32 ], 2 gallbladder cancer [ 32 , 54 ], 4 gastric cancer [ 55 – 58 ], 1 glioma [ 59 ], 2 hepatocellular cancer (HCC) [ 60 , 61 ], 1 head and neck (HN) cancer [ 62 ], 2 laryngeal cancer [ 50 , 63 ], 11 lung cancer [ 64 – 74 ], 3 nasopharyngeal cancer [ 50 , 75 , 76 ], 3 oral cancer [ 50 , 63 , 77 ], 2 ovarian cancer [ 78 ], 1 pancreatic cancer [ 79 ], 6 prostate cancer [ 80 – 83 ] and 3 skin cancer [ 84 – 86 ]. Ethnic subgroups were divided into Asian, Caucasian, Australian and African.…”