Analysis of semiconductor microcavity lasers using rate equations

Björk, Gunnar; Yamamoto, Yoshihisa

doi:10.1109/3.100877

Cited by 357 publications

(281 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…2. The inverse relation of the kink's amplitude in this I/O data curve (solid square symbols) gives us a β estimation of ∼1% in good agreement with the theoretical limit for a planar DBR microcavity structure [14]. We attribute this higher performance to a confinement of the exciton dipole oscillator in the plane of the 100Å SQW, which enhances the gain in the planar cavity mode.…”

supporting

confidence: 61%

Exciton polariton emission from a resonantly excited GaAs microcavity

et al. 2004

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Coherent emission efficiency in a 100Å GaAs SQW microcavity was enhanced one order when pumped resonantly at 10 K, compared to the off-resonant excitation. The usual kink observed in the exciton emission linewidth as well as in the emission intensity in relation to the pump power, changes smoothly instead of the usual abrupt kink observed in the off-resonant microcavity laser. In addition, polarization measurements show a correlation relationship between the pump light polarization and the cavity emission polarization.Cavity quantum electrodynamics effects (CQED) in a semiconductor microcavities with a volume of ∼ λ 3 have been studied intensively in the last decade by many groups [1][2][3][4][5]. In contrast to the usual laser, which displays a well defined kink in the input-output (I/O) power curve, there is a dramatic change for this behavior in a cavity with high Q factor, i.e. high mode coupling efficiency (β). This β factor has been enhanced from 1%[1, 2] in a Fabry Perot microcavity laser to 5% in a hemispherical cavity [3], and even more in a whispering gallery mode cavity [4]. In addition, Rabi splitting effects were observed in the cavity reflectance spectrum, characterizing a weak coupling regime in a planar microcavity [5]. All these effects were observed by off-resonant excitation techniques. On the other hand, changing to resonant excitation process, exciton-polariton (e-p) emission was observed for special pump beam incidence angle [6,7,8]. The emission nature of the e-p has been intensively discussed in the literature due to the possibility of generation of exciton condensed states [9][10][11][12], and also to explore the coherence property in a mesoscopic system [13].We have studied experimentally a single quantum well (SQW) GaAs microcavity laser by off and resonant excitation techniques. The white light reflectance, photoluminescence and polarization characteristics of the cavity emission was measured at 10 K. A Rabi Splitting of the cavity mode was observed in the low intensity white light reflectance, and such coupling regime was studied for higher pump intensity, and for different wave vector excitations. The optical properties of the resonantly excited cavity show a non linear laser regime, showing us differences in relation to the offresonant laser. These results are discussed in terms of the exciton polariton emission compared to a bare exciton laser, which depends on the excitation condition angle close or far from the "magic" incidence angle [10,11] of the pump light.The GaAs planar microcavity structure was grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The cavity is formed by a 100Å GaAs SQW between two spacer layers of Al x Ga 1−x As (x = 0.3) with a thickness of λ/n. The cavity layers are sandwiched between two distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) mirrors formed by 29.5 (below) and 24 (upper) pairs of Al x Ga 1−x As (x = 0.2)/AlAs layers with thickness of λ/(4n) (n stands the respective refraction index of each layer). The cavity was designed in order to get the resonance window around 800nm,...

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confidence: 61%

Exciton polariton emission from a resonantly excited GaAs microcavity

et al. 2004

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“…However, it is known that lasers with strong mode confinement do not necessarily exhibit such behaviour so that the laser threshold may be obscured [28,30]. Since the plasmonic lasers exhibit strong mode confinement, we indeed observe this smearing of the threshold pump intensity (Fig.…”

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confidence: 55%

“…While the linear response, shown in Fig. 4 for a nanowire diametre of 66 nm, may therefore give the impression of a lower threshold [28], in reality, the laser threshold only occurs once cavity losses are compensated (see…”

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confidence: 99%

Plasmon lasers at deep subwavelength scale

Oulton

Sorger

Zentgraf

et al. 2009

Nature

2,276

2,007

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“…The cavity mode is energetically split into two orthogonal components, owing to a slight elliptical asymmetry of the pillar. Mode A shows a smooth s-shaped dependence of the output power as a function of the injection current I inj , which is a clear indication of high-β lasing 23 . Mode B also enters the lasing regime, which can be seen by the nonlinear increase in the output power at I inj = 2 µA.…”

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confidence: 89%

Observing chaos for quantum-dot microlasers with external feedback

et al. 2011

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Chaos presents a striking and fascinating phenomenon of nonlinear systems. A common aspect of such systems is the presence of feedback that couples the output signal partially back to the input. Feedback coupling can be well controlled in optoelectronic devices such as conventional semiconductor lasers that provide bench-top platforms for the study of chaotic behaviour and high bit rate random number generation. Here we experimentally demonstrate that chaos can be observed for quantum-dot microlasers operating close to the quantum limit at nW output powers. Applying self-feedback to a quantum-dot microlaser results in a dramatic change in the photon statistics wherein strong, super-thermal photon bunching is indicative of random-intensity fluctuations associated with the spiked emission of light. our experiments reveal that gain competition of few quantum dots in the active layer enhances the influence of self-feedback and will open up new avenues for the study of chaos in quantum systems.

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Analysis of semiconductor microcavity lasers using rate equations

Cited by 357 publications

References 13 publications

Exciton polariton emission from a resonantly excited GaAs microcavity

Exciton polariton emission from a resonantly excited GaAs microcavity

Plasmon lasers at deep subwavelength scale

Observing chaos for quantum-dot microlasers with external feedback

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