Analysis of Relationship between the Body Mass Composition and Physical Activity with Body Posture in Children

Abstract

Introduction. Excessive body mass in turn may contribute to the development of many health disorders including disorders of musculoskeletal system, which still develops intensively at that time. Aim. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between children's body mass composition and body posture. The relationship between physical activity level of children and the parameters characterizing their posture was also evaluated. Material and Methods. 120 school age children between 11 and 13 years were enrolled in the study, including 61 girls and 59 boys. Each study participant had the posture evaluated with the photogrammetric method using the projection moiré phenomenon. Moreover, body mass composition and the level of physical activity were evaluated. Results. Children with the lowest content of muscle tissue showed the highest difference in the height of the inferior angles of the scapulas in the coronal plane. Children with excessive body fat had less slope of the thoracic-lumbar spine, greater difference in the depth of the inferior angles of the scapula, and greater angle of the shoulder line. The individuals with higher level of physical activity have a smaller angle of body inclination. Conclusion. The content of muscle tissue, adipose tissue, and physical activity level determines the variability of the parameter characterizing the body posture.

The Influence of Body Mass Composition on the Postural Characterization of School-Age Children and Adolescents

“…For instance fat content determines the variability in the following parameters: obliquity of the thoracic-lumbar segment, angle of the shoulder line and the position of the scapula. Muscle tissue content explains the variability in the parameter specifying the mutual scapula position [4]. However, the current study showed that higher content of fatty tissue was associated with greater asymmetry in the scapular area.…”

“…A child's body posture differs from an adult person's body posture. What is more, differences in body postures presented by children can vary relative to age [4]. Postural changes occur with high frequency in school-age children.…”

Evaluación Postural y Prevalencia de Hipercifosis e Hiperlordosis en Estudiantes de Enseñanza Básica

“…Para la evaluación del sobrepeso y obesidad el IMC ha sido ampliamente utilizado, sin embargo a través de este índice no se reportan los componentes grasos ni su distribución (Rothman) como tampoco la masa muscular. Este aspecto podría ser importante en estudios posteriores puesto que se ha visto que tiene influencia en desordenes postulares en niños (Wyszyn´ska et al, 2016).…”

Evolution of postural alignment in preschool and school phases: A longitudinal study

“…The cervical spine in the sagittal plane should be slightly curved forward and the distance between the head and the cervical spine should be evidenced 3 . Currently, postural change in children is one of the most common health problems of childhood 4 . Thus, a high percentage of cases of children with postural problems gives warning for the need of prevention programs, in view of their early onset 4 .…”

“…Currently, postural change in children is one of the most common health problems of childhood 4 . Thus, a high percentage of cases of children with postural problems gives warning for the need of prevention programs, in view of their early onset 4 . The position of the head, cervical spine and shoulders of children has been the subject of several studies, due to the effects that the combination of daily factors of life can cause, for example: inadequate sitting posture for a long time, mainly during the use of electronics; being overweight; incorrect ways of carrying backpacks; school furniture with dimensions not suitable for body structure; sedentary lifestyle habits [5][6][7][8] .…”