Analysis of net-zero energy housing society in Gwadar Pakistan to mitigate the load shedding problem

Zubair, Muhammad

doi:10.1063/1.5053952

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The power curve shows the anticipated power production of the wind turbine when estimated under typical pressure and temperature conditions. The output can be calculated by Equation (2) [54],…”

Section: Wind Turbinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-Economic Analysis of Hybrid Renewable Energy-Based Electricity Supply to Gwadar, Pakistan

Ali

Qaisar

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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Gwadar is essential to Pakistan’s financial stability. Being the third deep-water port in Pakistan, it plays a significant role in trade between the Gulf States, Africa, UAE, and CARs. The load shedding of 12–16 h in Gwadar is the most concerning issue due to the non-availability of a utility grid, which is why the Pakistan imports 70 MW of electricity from Iran to fulfill Gwadar’s electricity needs. Gwadar has renewable energy resources that can be utilized for electricity generation. However, wind and solar systems were only installed for limited residential areas. Considering this scenario, a technological and economic analysis was performed using the Hybrid Optimization Model for Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER) software. Three models were considered in this study. Model 1 consisted of photovoltaic (PV) cells, wind turbines, converters, and batteries. Model 2 consisted of PV cells, wind turbines, converters, and a grid. Model 3 consisted of PV cells, wind turbines, converters, and diesel generators. The annual energy generated by Model 1, Model 2, and Model 3 was respectively 57.37 GWh, 81.5 GWh, and 30.4 GWh. The Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) for Model 1, Model 2, and Model 3 was respectively USD 0.401/kWh, USD 0.0347/kWh, and USD 0.184/kWh. The simple payback period of Model 1 was 6.70 years, the simple payback period of Model 2 was 7.77 years and the simple payback period of Model 3 was 4.98 years. Because Model 3 had the lowest Net Present Cost NPC, its payback period was also less than those of the other two. However, Model 2 had the lowest LCOE and its renewable fraction was 73.3%. These facts indicate that Model 2 is the optimal solution.

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Section: Wind Turbinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-Economic Analysis of Hybrid Renewable Energy-Based Electricity Supply to Gwadar, Pakistan

Ali

Qaisar

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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“…Também deve ser explorada a possibilidade de complexos ZEB. Zubair (2018) fez um estudo na cidade de Gwadar e comprovou a viabilidade teórica de um sistema residencial baseado em blocos, onde as residências seriam abastecidas por placas solares e geradores eólicos. O bloco seria conectado por uma rede inteligente comandada por um software que permite a melhor distribuição da energia.…”

Section: Iniciativas Em Gdunclassified

Ensaio sobre a geração distribuída de energia fotovoltaica: um modelo sustentável para a matriz energética brasileira

Costa

Garrefa²

2022

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Energia elétrica se tornou um recurso essencial para a manutenção das dinâmicas econômicas e sociais. A ampliação e difusão do uso de equipamentos e processos mecanizados, bem como a adesão a modos de vida mais dependentes dessas comodidades têm contribuído para a ampliação sucessiva dos gastos energéticos. Por outro lado, a geração de energia elétrica, a partir de finais do século XX passou a vivenciar entraves, principalmente a partir das preocupações ambientais. No Brasil, as grandes plantas energéticas envolvem importantes impactos ambientais, como desmatamento, deslocamento de comunidades tradicionais, desequilíbrio das relações ecológicas, efluentes que alteram a qualidade da água, ar e solo e causam danos à saúde humana. A partir dessas premissas, o trabalho analisa relatórios nacionais e os coteja com revisão bibliográfica para explorar a possibilidade de uma expansão energética alternativa baseada em microgeração distribuída (GD) através da implantação de painéis solares em residências, industriais e estabelecimentos de comércio e serviço. A GD se torna interessante ao evitar não só as gerações em grande escala, mas também a onerosa distribuição de energia por grandes linhas de transmissão. Além disso, o sistema se mostrou altamente aplicável no país devido ao grande potencial fotovoltaico, à facilidade de instalação, aos baixos impactos ambientais e ao payback a partir de 5 anos. Por fim, considera-se que a GD é uma boa estratégia de transição, que permite a inserção gradual de energias mais limpas no sistema e pode ser implantada com certa facilidade desde que apoiada pelo poder público, privado e das concessionárias.

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“…The power curve shows the anticipated power production of the windmill when estimated under typical pressure and temperature conditions. The Output can be calculated by Equation 2 [44].…”

Section: Wind Turbinementioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-Economic Analysis of Hybrid Renewable Energy Based Electricity Supply to Gwadar, Pakistan

Ali¹,

Ali²,

Qaisar³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Gwadar is essential for Pakistan's financial stability. The third deep-water port in Pakistan, Gwadar, plays a significant part in trade between the Gulf countries, Africa, China, United Arab Emirates, and Cordillera Administrative Region. However, the load Shedding of 12-16 hours in Gwadar is the most concerning issue. Pakistan imports 70 MW of electricity from Iran. The wind and solar system are already installed but for a limited residential area. In Gwadar, there are enough renewable energy resources that can be utilized for electricity generation. In this context, a Techno and Economic Analysis is performed using the Hybrid Optimization Model for Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER) Pro. Two models are considered for this study. Model-1 includes PV/Wind Turbine/ and Battery while Model-2 consists of PV/Wind Turbine/Converter and Grid. The yearly energy generated by Model-1 and Model-2 is 57.37 GWh and 81.5 GWh, respectively. The levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) for Model-1 and Model-2 is respectively $0.401/kWh and $0.0347/kWh. It is shown that the simple payback of Model-1 is of 6.70 years, and the simple payback of Model-2 is 7.77 years. Due to the high LCOE of Model-1, its payback year is lesser than model-2. All of these facts indicate that Model 2 is the most optimal solution.

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Analysis of net-zero energy housing society in Gwadar Pakistan to mitigate the load shedding problem

Cited by 11 publications

References 44 publications

Techno-Economic Analysis of Hybrid Renewable Energy-Based Electricity Supply to Gwadar, Pakistan

Techno-Economic Analysis of Hybrid Renewable Energy-Based Electricity Supply to Gwadar, Pakistan

Ensaio sobre a geração distribuída de energia fotovoltaica: um modelo sustentável para a matriz energética brasileira

Techno-Economic Analysis of Hybrid Renewable Energy Based Electricity Supply to Gwadar, Pakistan

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