Analysis of methamphetamine and its metabolites in hair

Abstract

Methamphetamine (MA) is a sympathomimetic amine whose abuse has become a serious problem in Japan, Korea, Taiwan and other Southeast Asian countries. The use of hair for the determination of MA use has become more commonplace. The maximum period in which MA and its main metabolites (amphetamine and p-hydroxymethamphetamine) can be detected in urine is about 10 days after its use. However, proof of MA use is possible in hair even several years after its use if the part of the hair that grew in the period of its use is available. In addition, segmental analysis of hair is capable of clarifying the history of MA abuse. This paper reviews the clean-up, extraction, analytical method and distribution of MA and its metabolites in hair from reports published in the last 20 years.

Progress in capillary electrophoresis of biomarkers and metabolites between 2002 and 2005

“…For the analysis of metamphetamine (MA) and its metabolites in hair Takayama et al [91] report on the use of b-CD as a chiral selector. Urinary histamine and its metabolites were determined using CE with UV detection at 210 nm, applying a buffer system consisting of a borate (pH 9) and 100 mM SDS [92].…”

Dosage des amphétamines dans les cheveux, la salive et les urines

“…Hair has been increasingly chosen as a workplace test specimen, since, in contrast to urine, the collection is observed, and the possibility of adultera¬ tion or substitution of the specimens is reduced. There are many publications regarding the incorporation of methamphetamine into hair (3)(4)(5). Methamphetamine, amphetamine, 3-4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), its metabolite methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and methylenedioxy éthylamphétamine (MDEA) are incorporated well into the hair shaft and have been detected and analyzed using established pro¬ cedures (6,7).…”

“…Hair has been increasingly chosen as a workplace test specimen, since, in contrast to urine, the collection is observed, and the possibility of adultera¬ tion or substitution of the specimens is reduced. There are many publications regarding the incorporation of methamphetamine into hair (3)(4)(5) Solid-phase mixed mode extraction columns (CleanScreen DAU) were placed into a vacuum extrac¬ tion manifold. Each column was conditioned with methanol (3 mL), deionized water (2 mL) and 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.0; 2 mL).…”

Rapid detection of ketamine and norketamine in rat hair using micropulverized extraction and ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

“…However, since its chemical structure is very similar to that of the hallucinogen phencyclidine, its abuse is a serious issue that is encountered globally (Jansen, 2000;Curran and Monaghan, 2001;Hijazi et al, 2001;Rofeal and Abdel-Rahman, 2002;Takayama et al, 2003). It is abused by an increasing number of young people, especially teenagers, as an illicit drug, and its harmful effects are disturbing.…”