Analysis of <i>RPA190</i> revealed multiple positively selected mutations associated with metalaxyl resistance in <scp><i>Phytophthora infestans</i></scp>

Chen, Fengping; Zhou, Qian; Xi, Jing; Li, Dongliang; Schnabel, Guido; Zhan, Jiasui

doi:10.1002/ps.4893

Cited by 22 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Intensive application of the fungicide in modern agriculture imposes immense selection pressure on many plant‐pathogenic fungi. A shift toward reduced sensitivity to the fungicides resulting from natural selection has been observed in many pathogens . Knowing the resistant basis of fungicides in pathogens is valuable for disease management.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A shift toward reduced sensitivity to the fungicides resulting from natural selection has been observed in many pathogens. 13,14 Knowing the resistant basis of fungicides in pathogens is valuable for disease management. The resistant basis of DMI fungicides is most commonly conferred by (i) mutations in the CYP51 gene, (ii) increased expression of the CYP51 gene, or (iii) increased expression of membrane-bound transporters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Induced expression of CYP51 associated with difenoconazole resistance in the pathogenic Alternaria sect. on potato in China

Zhang

Zhou

Tian

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND Early blight caused by Alternaria spp. is amongst the most important diseases in potato. Demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides are widely used to control the disease but long‐term use may decrease its control efficacy due to fungicide resistance. This study investigated the occurrence of difenoconazole resistance in Alternaria spp. and molecular resistant mechanisms. RESULTS EC50 values of 160 isolates to difenoconazole ranged from 0.026 μg mL−1 to 15.506 μg mL−1 and the frequency of difenoconazole sensitivity formed a non‐normal distribution curve with a major and a minor peak. Isolates with EC50 values of 4.121 and 5.461 μg mL−1 were not controlled effectively at fungicide doses of 50 and 100 μg mL−1. Cross‐resistance was observed between DMI fungicides difenoconazole and propiconazole, but not between difenoconazole and other fungicide groups, including boscalid, iprodione, or carbendazim. The CYP51gene was 1673 bp encoding 525 amino acids in length and contained two introns. All sensitive and resistant isolates had the identical amino acid sequence of CYP51, with the exception of one resistant isolate carrying a mutation of R511W. A 6 bp insertion in the upstream region was observed in half of the resistant isolates. In the absence of propiconazole, the relative expression of CYP51 was not significantly different in sensitive and resistant isolates. In the presence of difenoconazole, expression of CYP51 gene was induced significantly in the DMI‐resistant isolates but not in the sensitive ones. CONCLUSION Induced expression of CYP51 in resistant isolates exposed to difenoconazole is an important determinant for DMI resistance in potato pathogens Alternaria sect. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induced expression of CYP51 associated with difenoconazole resistance in the pathogenic Alternaria sect. on potato in China

Zhang

Zhou

Tian

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The biological degradation of metalaxyl by Phytophthora is another resistance mechanism. The RNA polymerase activity of sensitive strains was shown to be significantly inhibited by metalaxyl, while resistant strains showed only a slight inhibitory effect and had a certain degradation effect on metalaxyl [14].Although crop losses caused by P. capsici have increased in recent years, we know very little about the molecular basis of its pathogenicity in peppers. Therefore, excavation of metalaxyl-resistance genes of P. capsici at the molecular level has become an important means of developing resistance to pepper blight.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Potential of Phytophthora capsici Resistance Mechanisms to the Fungicide Metalaxyl in Peppers

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metalaxyl is one of the main fungicides used to control pepper blight caused by Phytophthora capsici. Metalaxyl resistance of P. capsici, caused by the long-term intense use of this fungicide, has become one of the most serious challenges facing pest management. To reveal the potential resistance mechanism of P. capsici to fungicide metalaxyl, a metalaxyl-resistant mutant strain SD1-9 was obtained under laboratory conditions. The pathogenicity test showed that mutant strain SD1-9 had different pathogenicity to different host plants with or without the treatment of metalaxyl compared with that of the wild type SD1. Comparative transcriptome sequencing of mutant strain SD1-9 and wild type SD1 led to the identification of 3845 differentially expressed genes, among them, 517 genes were upregulated, while 3328 genes were down-regulated in SD1-9 compared to that in the SD1. The expression levels of 10 genes were further verified by real-time RT-PCR. KEGG analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were enriched in the peroxisome, endocytosis, alanine and tyrosine metabolism. The expression of the candidate gene XLOC_020226 during 10 life history stages was further studied, the results showed that expression level reached a maximum at the zoospores stage and basically showed a gradually increasing trend with increasing infection time in pepper leaves in SD1-9 strain, while its expression gradually increased in the SD1 strain throughout the 10 stages, indicated that XLOC_020226 may be related to the growth and pathogenicity of P. capsici. In summary, transcriptome analysis of plant pathogen P. capsici strains with different metalaxyl resistance not only provided database of the genes involved in the metalaxyl resistance of P. capsici, but also allowed us to gain novel insights into the potential resistance mechanism of P. capsici to metalaxyl in peppers.Microorganisms 2020, 8, 278 2 of 17 and has a single site of action on pathogens, Phytophthora can develop resistance as they are susceptible to mutations [3][4][5]. Metalaxyl resistance is mainly found in Phytophthora species such as P. capsici, P. infestans, and P. parasitica. A metalaxyl-resistant strain of P. infestans was discovered in the Netherlands in 1980 [6]. Subsequently, European and American countries reported metalaxyl-resistant strains of P. capsici [7][8][9]. China also reported resistant P. capsici in the 1960s [10]. To date, metalaxyl-resistant strains of P. capsici have been successively found in Anhui, Gansu, and Yunnan Provinces [10][11][12][13].There are some studies on the resistance mechanism of Phytophthora to metalaxyl. Chen et al.[14] revealed two evolutionary pathways of resistance involving the RPA190 gene. The results of their research indicate that changes in the activity of Phytophthora RNA polymerase are important resistance mechanisms. Similar results were also confirmed in P. infestans. The diversity of the RNA polymerase I large subunit sequence of P. infestans plays a key role in its resistance to metalaxyl [15]. The biolog...

show abstract

“…Intra‐gene recombination was not detected in both the current or previous sequences (Wang et al., 2020) in the eEF‐1α gene and in the eEF‐1α gene the reticulation structures are likely caused by convergent mutations. Intra‐gene recombination events have been detected in effector and fungicide target genes of the same pathogen collection (Chen et al, 2018; Yang et al, 2020; Yang et al., 2018). Third, In particular, five nucleotide haplotypes were detected in the nine isolates from tomato.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for a synergistic effect of post‐translational modifications and genomic composition of eEF‐1α on the adaptation of Phytophthora infestans

Wang

Lurwanu

et al. 2021

Ecology and Evolution

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Analysis of RPA190 revealed multiple positively selected mutations associated with metalaxyl resistance in Phytophthora infestans

Abstract: Multiple mutations such as V1476G, P980S, and F382Y in RPA190 contribute to metalaxyl resistance, and resistance to metalaxyl can emerge in at least two independent pathways in P. infestans. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.

Cited by 22 publications

References 51 publications

Induced expression of CYP51 associated with difenoconazole resistance in the pathogenic Alternaria sect. on potato in China

Induced expression of CYP51 associated with difenoconazole resistance in the pathogenic Alternaria sect. on potato in China

Differential Potential of Phytophthora capsici Resistance Mechanisms to the Fungicide Metalaxyl in Peppers

Evidence for a synergistic effect of post‐translational modifications and genomic composition of eEF‐1α on the adaptation of Phytophthora infestans

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About